Iyini i-Rigid Flex PCB Stackup

Emhlabeni wanamuhla wezobuchwepheshe osheshayo, izinto zikagesi ziya ngokuya zithuthuka futhi zihlangene. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zale mishini yesimanjemanje, amabhodi esekethe aphrintiwe (ama-PCB) ayaqhubeka nokuthuthuka futhi ahlanganise namasu amasha okuklama. Obunye ubuchwepheshe obunjalo yi-rigid flex pcb stackup, enikeza izinzuzo eziningi mayelana nokuguquguquka nokuthembeka.Lo mhlahlandlela ophelele uzohlola ukuthi siyini i-rigid-flex circuit board stackup, izinzuzo zayo, nokwakhiwa kwayo.

Ngaphambi kokungena emininingwaneni, ake siqale sihlole izisekelo ze-PCB stackup:

I-PCB stackup isho ukuhlelwa kwezingqimba zebhodi lesifunda ezihlukene ngaphakathi kwe-PCB eyodwa. Kuhilela ukuhlanganisa izinto ezihlukahlukene ukuze udale amabhodi e-multilayer ahlinzeka ngoxhumano lukagesi. Ngokwesiko, ngesitaki se-PCB esiqinile, izinto eziqinile kuphela ezisetshenziswa kulo lonke ibhodi. Nokho, ngokwethulwa kwezinto eziguquguqukayo, kwavela umqondo omusha—isitaki se-PCB esiqinile.

Ngakho-ke, iyini ngempela i-rigid-flex laminate?

I-stackup ye-PCB eguquguqukayo eqinile iyibhodi lesekethe eliyingxube elihlanganisa izinto ze-PCB eziqinile nezivumelana nezimo. Iqukethe izendlalelo ezishintshayo eziqinile nezivumelana nezimo, ezivumela ibhodi ukuthi ligobe noma ligobe njengoba kudingeka kuyilapho ligcina ubuqotho besakhiwo kanye nokusebenza kukagesi. Le nhlanganisela eyingqayizivele yenza izitaki ze-PCB eziguquguqukayo eziqinile zilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho isikhala sibucayi futhi kudingeka ukugoba okuguquguqukayo, okugqokwayo, okokusebenza kwe-aerospace, nemishini yezokwelapha.

Manje, ake sihlole izinzuzo zokukhetha isitaki se-PCB esiguquguqukayo sezinto zakho zikagesi.

Okokuqala, ukuguquguquka kwayo kuvumela ibhodi ukuthi lingene ezindaweni eziqinile futhi livumelane nokubunjwa okungajwayelekile, kwandise isikhala esitholakalayo. Lokhu kuvumelana nezimo futhi kunciphisa usayizi ophelele nesisindo sedivayisi ngokususa isidingo sezixhumi nezintambo ezengeziwe. Ukwengeza, ukungabikho kwezixhumi kunciphisa amaphuzu angaba khona okuhluleka, okwandisa ukwethembeka. Ukwengeza, ukuncishiswa kwezintambo kuthuthukisa ubuqotho besignali futhi kunciphisa izingqinamba zokuphazanyiswa kwe-electromagnetic (EMI).

Ukwakhiwa kwesitaki se-PCB esiqinile-flex kuhilela izinto ezimbalwa ezibalulekile:

Ngokuvamile iqukethe izendlalelo eziningi eziqinile ezixhunywe izendlalelo eziguquguqukayo. Inani lezendlalelo lincike ebunkingeni bomklamo wesifunda kanye nokusebenza okufunayo. Izendlalelo eziqinile ngokuvamile zihlanganisa i-FR-4 evamile noma ama-laminates ezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, kuyilapho izendlalelo eziguquguqukayo ziyi-polyimide noma izinto ezifanayo eziguqukayo. Ukuqinisekisa ukuxhumana okufanelekile kukagesi phakathi kwezingqimba eziqinile neziguquguqukayo, kusetshenziswa uhlobo oluhlukile lwe-adhesive olubizwa ngokuthi i-anisotropic conductive adhesive (ACA). Lokhu okunamathelayo kunikeza kokubili ukuxhumana kagesi kanye nemishini, iqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekile.

Ukuze uqonde ukwakheka kwesitaki se-PCB esiqinile, nakhu ukuhlukaniswa kwesakhiwo sebhodi le-PCB enezingqimba ezi-4:

Isendlalelo esiphezulu:
Imaski ye-solder eluhlaza isendlalelo sokuvikela esisetshenziswa ku-PCB (Ibhodi Lesifunda Eliphrintiwe)
Isendlalelo 1 (Isendlalelo Esiyisignali):
Isendlalelo se-Copper esiyisisekelo esinemikhondo ye-Plated Copper.
Isendlalelo sesi-2 (Isendlalelo sangaphakathi/i-dielectric):
I-FR4: Lena into evamile yokugqumisa esetshenziswa kuma-PCB, ehlinzeka ngosekelo lwemishini nokuhlukaniswa kukagesi.
Isendlalelo sesi-3 (I-Flex Layer):
I-PP: I-Polypropylene (PP) isendlalelo sokunamathisela singanikeza ukuvikelwa ebhodini lesifunda
Isendlalelo sesi-4 (I-Flex Layer):
I-PI yesendlalelo sekhava: I-Polyimide (PI) iyinto eguqukayo nekwazi ukumelana nokushisa esetshenziswa njengesendlalelo esiphezulu esivikelayo engxenyeni eguqukayo ye-PCB.
Isendlalelo sekhava AD: hlinzeka ngokuvikeleka ezintweni ezingaphansi emonakalweni yimvelo yangaphandle, amakhemikhali noma imihuzuko yomzimba.
Isendlalelo sesi-5 (I-Flex Layer):
Isendlalelo se-Base Copper: Olunye ungqimba lwethusi, ngokuvamile olusetshenziselwa ukulandelela isignali noma ukusatshalaliswa kwamandla.
Ungqimba 6 (Flex Layer):
I-PI: I-Polyimide (PI) iyinto eguqukayo nekwazi ukumelana nokushisa esetshenziswa njengesendlalelo sesisekelo engxenyeni eguqukayo ye-PCB.
Isendlalelo sesi-7 (I-Flex Layer):
Isendlalelo se-Base Copper: Kanti esinye isendlalelo sethusi, esivame ukusetshenziselwa ukulandelela amasignali noma ukusatshalaliswa kwamandla.
Isendlalelo sesi-8 (I-Flex Layer):
I-PP: I-Polypropylene (PP) yinto eguquguqukayo esetshenziswa engxenyeni eguqukayo ye-PCB.
I-Cowerlayer AD: ihlinzeka ngokuvikeleka kokusebenza okuyisisekelo ekulimaleni kwendawo yangaphandle, amakhemikhali noma imihuzuko yomzimba.
I-PI yesendlalelo sekhava: I-Polyimide (PI) iyinto eguqukayo nekwazi ukumelana nokushisa esetshenziswa njengesendlalelo esiphezulu esivikelayo engxenyeni eguqukayo ye-PCB.
Isendlalelo sesi-9 (Isendlalelo sangaphakathi):
I-FR4: Olunye ungqimba lwe-FR4 lufakiwe ukuze uthole ukusekelwa okwengeziwe kwemishini kanye nokuhlukaniswa kukagesi.
Isendlalelo se-10 (Isendlalelo esingezansi):
Isendlalelo se-Copper esiyisisekelo esinemikhondo ye-Plated Copper.
Isendlalelo esingezansi:
I-soldermask eluhlaza.

Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ukuze uthole ukuhlola okunembe kakhudlwana nokucatshangelwa komklamo othize, kuyanconywa ukuthi uthintane nomklami we-PCB noma umkhiqizi ongahlinzeka ngokuhlaziywa okunemininingwane nezincomo ngokusekelwe kuzimfuneko zakho ezithile kanye nezingqinamba.

Ngokufigqiwe:

I-Rigid flex flex stackup ye-PCB iyisixazululo esisungulayo esihlanganisa izinzuzo zezinto eziqinile neziguquguqukayo ze-PCB. Ukuvumelana nezimo, ukubumbana nokuthembeka kwayo kuyenza ifanelekele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene ezidinga ukulungiselelwa kwesikhala nokugoba okuguquguqukayo. Ukuqonda izisekelo zama-stackups aguquguqukayo nokwakhiwa kwawo kungakusiza wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi lapho uklama futhi ukhiqiza izinto zikagesi. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka nokuthuthuka, isidingo sesitaki se-PCB esiguquguqukayo ngokungangabazeki sizokhuphuka, siqhube intuthuko eyengeziwe kulo mkhakha.