Yiziphi izici zokuklama zamabhodi we-HDI?

Amabhodi e-HDI (High Density Interconnect) asephenduke inketho yokukhetha imiklamo yesimanje ye-elekthronikhi. Banikeza izinzuzo eziningi ngaphezu kwamabhodi esekethe aphrintiwe endabuko (ama-PCB), njengokuminyana kwesekethe okuphezulu, izici zefomu ezincane, nobuqotho besignali obuthuthukisiwe. Nokho,ukucatshangelwa kwedizayini eyingqayizivele yamabhodi e-HDI kudinga ukuhlela ngokucophelela nokwenziwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle nokwethembeka. Lapha sizohlola izici ezibalulekile okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho uklama ibhodi le-HDI.

1. I-Miaturization nesakhiwo sengxenye:

Esinye sezizathu eziyinhloko zokusebenzisa amabhodi e-HDI amandla awo okufaka inani elikhulu lezingxenye endaweni encane. Njengomklami, kufanele ucabangele isici se-miniaturization futhi uhlele ngokucophelela ukwakheka kwezingxenye. Ukubekwa kwengxenye kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuzuzeni umklamo ohlangene ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ubuqotho besignali.

Ukuze ulungiselele ukwenziwa kwe-miniaturization, cabanga ukusebenzisa izingxenye ezincane, ezihlangene kakhulu. Ukwengeza, ukusetshenziswa kwe-surface mount technology (SMT) kwenza ukubekwa kwengxenye okuphumelelayo, kunciphisa usayizi webhodi. Kodwa-ke, qiniseka ukuthi uhlaziya ukucatshangelwa kokushisa futhi uqinisekise izindlela zokupholisa ezanele, ikakhulukazi izingxenye zamandla aphezulu.

2. Ubuqotho besignali nokudluliselwa:

Amabhodi we-HDI asekela imvamisa ephezulu kanye nezicelo zejubane eliphezulu, ngakho ubuqotho besignali buba ukucatshangelwa okubalulekile. Ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwesignali kanye nokuphazamiseka kubalulekile ukuze kugcinwe ubuqotho besignali. Nazi ezinye izici ezibalulekile okufanele uzikhumbule:

a. Ukulawula Impedance:Iqinisekisa ukufana okufanele kwe-impedance kulo lonke ibhodi. Lokhu kungafezwa ngokukhetha ngokucophelela ububanzi bokulandelela, isikhala kanye nempahla ye-dielectric. Ukunamathela ezindinganisweni zokuthikamezeka okulawulwayo eziqondene nohlelo lwakho lokusebenza kubalulekile ukuze unciphise ukuncishiswa kwesignali.

b. I-crosstalk elawulwayo:Imiklamo enokuminyana okuphezulu ivamise ukuphumela esikhaleni esiqinile sokulandelela kumabhodi e-HDI, okuholela ku-crosstalk. I-Crosstalk yenzeka lapho isignali iphazamisa ukulandelana okuseduze, okubangela ukuncishiswa kwesignali. Ukuze unciphise imithelela ye-crosstalk, sebenzisa amasu afana nokuhamba ngakubili okuhlukile, ukuvikela, kanye nezabelo ezifanele zendiza yaphansi.

c. Ubuqotho bamandla:Ukugcina ukusatshalaliswa kwamandla okuzinzile ebhodini lonkana kubalulekile ukuze kudluliselwe isignali efanele. Faka phakathi ama-decoupling capacitor anele, izindiza eziphansi, nezindiza zamandla ukuze kuqinisekiswe indlela ephansi ye-impedance yokudluliswa kwamandla.

d. Ukucatshangelwa kwe-EMI/EMC:Njengoba ukuminyana kwesekethe kuyanda, kanjalo nobungozi bezinkinga ze-Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) kanye ne-Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC). Naka amasu afanele okubeka phansi, amasu okuvikela, nezihlungi ze-EMI ukuze unciphise ukuba sengozini kwebhodi le-HDI ekuphazamisekeni kogesi wangaphandle.

3. Izinselelo zokukhiqiza nokukhetha impahla:

Ukuklama nokukhiqiza amabhodi we-HDI kungaletha izinselele ezihlukahlukene ngenxa yokwanda kobunzima. Ukukhetha izinto ezifanele kanye namasu okwenziwa kubalulekile empumelelweni yomklamo. Cabangela lokhu okulandelayo:

a. Ukunqwabelana kwesendlalelo nangokuhlela:Amabhodi e-HDI ngokuvamile anezendlalelo eziningi, ngokuvamile ezinqwabeleni eziyinkimbinkimbi. Hlela ngokucophelela isitaki sesendlalelo ukuze kuhambisane nokuminyana komzila ofunekayo, ngokucabangela izici ezifana nosayizi wokubhoboza, usebenzisa uhlobo (olufana nokungaboni, ukugqitshwa, noma i-microvia), kanye nokubekwa kwayo. Okufanelekile ngokuhlela kuqinisekisa umzila wesiginali ophumelelayo ngaphandle kokufaka engozini ukwethembeka.

b. Ukukhetha Okubalulekile:Khetha impahla efanele ye-laminate esekelwe ekusebenzeni kukagesi okufunayo, izidingo zokuphatha okushisayo, nokucatshangelwa kwezindleko. Amabhodi e-HDI ngokuvamile ancike ezintweni ezikhethekile ezinamazinga okushisa aphakeme okushintsha kwengilazi, izici eziphansi zokulahla, kanye nokuhamba kahle kwe-thermal. Xhumana nabahlinzeki bezinto ezibonakalayo ukuze uthole inketho efanelekile kakhulu.

c. Ukubekezelela Ukukhiqiza:I-miniaturization kanye nenkimbinkimbi ekhulayo yamabhodi we-HDI kudinga ukubekezelela okuqinile kokukhiqiza. Qiniseka ukuthi uchaza futhi ukhulume ukubekezelela kwakho okuthile kumkhiqizi ukuze uqinisekise ukukhiqizwa okunembile kanye nokulingana.

4. Ukwethembeka Nokucatshangelwa Kokuhlola:

Ukuthembeka kwebhodi le-HDI kubalulekile ekusebenzeni okuhlosiwe. Ukuze uthuthukise ukwethembeka nokwenza lula ukuxazulula izinkinga, cabangela ukucatshangelwa kwedizayini okulandelayo:

a. I-Design for Testability (DFT):Ukufaka amaphoyinti okuhlola, njengezindawo zokufinyelela zokuhlaziya ingqondo noma izindawo zokuhlola ukuskena komngcele, kungasiza ekuhloleni kwangemva kokukhiqiza nokususa iphutha.

b. Ukucatshangelwa kwe-thermal:Njengoba amabhodi e-HDI evamise ukupakisha inani elikhulu lezingxenye endaweni encane, ukuphatha okushisayo kuba bucayi. Sebenzisa amasu okupholisa afanele, njengamasinki okushisa noma ama-thermal vias, ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi izingxenye zisebenza ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo ethile yokushisa.

c. Izici Zemvelo:Qonda izimo zemvelo ibhodi le-HDI elizosebenza ngaphansi kwazo futhi liklame ngokufanele. Izinto ezifana nokweqisa kwezinga lokushisa, umswakama, uthuli, nokudlidliza kuyacatshangelwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ibhodi lingakwazi ukumelana nendawo elihlosiwe.

Ngokufigqiwe, ukuklama ibhodi le-HDI kudinga ukucatshangelwa kwezici ezimbalwa ezibalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe ukuminyana kwesifunda esikhulu, ukukhulisa ubuqotho besignali, ukuqinisekisa ukwethembeka, nokwenza lula ukukhiqiza. Ngokuhlela ngokucophelela nokusebenzisa isu le-miniaturization, ucabangela ubuqotho besignali kanye nezimiso zokudlulisela, ukukhetha izinto ezifanele, nokubhekana nezinkinga zokuthembeka, ungakwazi ukubona amandla aphelele obuchwepheshe be-HDI kumiklamo yakho.I-Shenzhen Capel Technology Co., Ltd. ibambe iqhaza ngokujulile kumabhodi wesifunda iminyaka engu-15. Ngokugeleza kwenqubo eqinile, amakhono enqubo ethuthukisiwe, izinsizakalo zobuchwepheshe ezichwepheshile, ulwazi olucebile lwephrojekthi nobuchwepheshe obusha, sizuze ukwethenjwa kwamakhasimende. Futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi singathola ithuba lemakethe lephrojekthi yekhasimende.