Amabhodi esekethe aphrintiwe e-Rigid-flex (PCBs) adume ngokuguquguquka kwawo kanye nokuqina ezinhlelweni ezihlukene ze-elekthronikhi. Lawa mabhodi aziwa ngekhono lawo lokumelana nokugoba kanye nezingcindezi ze-torsion ngenkathi egcina ukuxhumana okuthembekile kukagesi.Lesi sihloko sizobheka kabanzi izinto ezisetshenziswa kuma-PCB aqinile-flex ukuze uthole ukuqonda ngokwakheka kwawo kanye nezakhiwo zawo. Ngokudalula izinto ezenza ama-PCB aqinile abe yisixazululo esiqinile nesivumelana nezimo, singaqonda ukuthi anikela kanjani ekuthuthukisweni kwemishini kagesi.
1. Qonda iisakhiwo se-PCB esiqinile-flex:
I-PCB eguquguqukayo eqinile iyibhodi lesifunda eliphrintiwe elihlanganisa ama-substrates aqinile futhi aguquguqukayo ukuze akhe isakhiwo esiyingqayizivele. Le nhlanganisela inika amandla amabhodi esekethe ukuthi afake izifunda ezinezinhlangothi ezintathu, ihlinzeka ngokuguquguquka kwedizayini kanye nokwenza kahle kwesikhala kumadivayisi kagesi. Isakhiwo samabhodi aqinile-flex siqukethe izingqimba ezintathu eziyinhloko. Ungqimba lokuqala ungqimba oluqinile, olwenziwe ngezinto eziqinile ezifana ne-FR4 noma ingqikithi yensimbi. Lesi sendlalelo sinikeza ukwesekwa kwesakhiwo nokuzinza ku-PCB, iqinisekisa ukuqina kwayo kanye nokumelana nokucindezeleka kwemishini.
Ungqimba lwesibili ungqimba oluguquguqukayo olwenziwe ngezinto ezifana ne-polyimide (PI), i-liquid crystal polymer (LCP) noma i-polyester (PET). Lesi sendlalelo sivumela i-PCB ukugoba, ukusonteka nokugoba ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukusebenza kwayo kukagesi. Ukuvumelana nezimo kwalesi sendlalelo kubalulekile ezinhlelweni ezidinga ukuthi i-PCB ingene ezikhaleni ezingajwayelekile noma eziqinile. Ungqimba lwesithathu ungqimba olunamathelayo, oluhlanganisa izingqimba eziqinile neziguquguqukayo ndawonye. Lesi sendlalelo ngokuvamile senziwe ngezinto ze-epoxy noma ze-acrylic, ezikhethwe ngenxa yekhono lazo lokuhlinzeka ngesibopho esiqinile phakathi kwezingqimba kuyilapho zihlinzeka ngezakhiwo ezinhle zokuvala ugesi. Isendlalelo esinamathelayo sidlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukwethembeka nempilo yesevisi yamabhodi aguquguqukayo aqinile.
Isendlalelo ngasinye esakhiweni se-PCB esiguquguqukayo sikhethwe ngokucophelela futhi siklanyelwe ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezithile zokusebenza komshini nokogesi. Lokhu kwenza ama-PCB asebenze kahle ezinhlotsheni eziningi ezahlukene, kusukela kumishini kagesi yabathengi ukuya kumishini yezokwelapha kanye nezinhlelo ze-aerospace.
2. Izinto ezisetshenziswa ezendlalelo eziqinile:
Ekwakhiweni kwesendlalelo esiqinile sama-PCB aguquguqukayo aqinile, izinto eziningi ezisetshenziswayo zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlinzeka ngosekelo oludingekayo lwesakhiwo nobuqotho. Lezi zinto zikhethwa ngokucophelela ngokusekelwe ezicini zabo ezithile kanye nezidingo zokusebenza. Ezinye zezinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ezendlalelo eziqinile kuma-PCB aqinile-flex zihlanganisa:
A. FR4: I-FR4 iyisisetshenziswa sesendlalelo esiqinile esisetshenziswa kakhulu kuma-PCB. Kuyi-epoxy laminate eqiniswe ngengilazi enezinto ezinhle kakhulu ezishisayo nemishini. I-FR4 inokuqina okuphezulu, ukumuncwa kwamanzi okuphansi kanye nokumelana okuhle kwamakhemikhali. Lezi zakhiwo ziyenza ifaneleke njengesendlalelo esiqinile njengoba inikeza ubuqotho besakhiwo esihle kakhulu nokuzinza ku-PCB.
B. I-Polyimide (PI): I-Polyimide iyinto evumelana nokushisa eguquguqukayo evame ukusetshenziswa kumabhodi aqinile-flex ngenxa yokumelana kwayo nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu. I-Polyimide yaziwa ngezakhiwo zayo ezinhle kakhulu zokuvala ugesi kanye nokuzinza kwemishini, okuyenza ifanelekele ukusetshenziswa njengezendlalelo eziqinile kuma-PCB. Igcina izakhiwo zayo zemishini nezikagesi ngisho nalapho ibhekene namazinga okushisa aphakeme, iyenze ifaneleke uhla olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza.
I-C. Metal Core: Kwezinye izimo, lapho kudingeka ukuphathwa okushisayo okuhle kakhulu, izinto eziyinhloko zensimbi ezifana ne-aluminium noma ithusi zingasetshenziswa njengesendlalelo esiqinile kuma-PCB aguquguqukayo. Lezi zinto zinokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kwe-thermal futhi zingakhipha ngokuphumelelayo ukushisa okukhiqizwa amasekhethi. Ngokusebenzisa i-metal core, amabhodi aqinile-flex angakwazi ukuphatha ukushisa ngokuphumelelayo futhi avimbele ukushisa, ukuqinisekisa ukwethembeka kwesifunda nokusebenza.
Ngayinye yalezi zinto inezinzuzo zayo futhi ikhethwa ngokusekelwe ezidingweni ezithile zomklamo we-PCB. Izinto ezifana nezinga lokushisa lokusebenza, ukucindezeleka komshini namandla okuphatha okushisayo adingekayo konke kudlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni izinto ezifanele zokuhlanganisa izingqimba eziqinile neziguquguqukayo ze-PCB.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukukhethwa kwezinto zokwakha zezendlalelo eziqinile kuma-PCB aqinile-flex kuyisici esibalulekile senqubo yokuklama. Ukukhetha impahla efanele kuqinisekisa ubuqotho besakhiwo, ukuphathwa okushisayo kanye nokwethembeka okuphelele kwe-PCB. Ngokukhetha izinto ezifanele, abaklami bangakha ama-PCB aqinile ahlangabezana nezidingo eziqinile zezimboni ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ezezimoto, i-aerospace, ezokwelashwa, nezokuxhumana.
3. Izinto ezisetshenziswa kungqimba oluguquguqukayo:
Izendlalelo eziguquguqukayo kuma-PCB aqinile aguquguqukayo zenza kube lula ukugoba nokugoqa izici zalawa mabhodi. Izinto ezisetshenziselwa ungqimba oluguquguqukayo kufanele zibonise ukuguquguquka okuphezulu, ukuqina nokumelana nokugoba okuphindaphindiwe. Izinto ezijwayelekile ezisetshenziselwa izendlalelo eziguquguqukayo zifaka:
A. I-Polyimide (PI): Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, i-polyimide iwumsebenzi oguquguqukayo osebenza ngezinjongo ezimbaxambili kuma-PCB aguquguqukayo aqinile. Ku-flex layer, ivumela ibhodi ukuthi ligobe futhi ligobe ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa izakhiwo zalo zikagesi.
B. I-Liquid Crystal Polymer (LCP): I-LCP iyinto esebenza kahle kakhulu ye-thermoplastic eyaziwa ngezici zayo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini kanye nokumelana nezinga lokushisa elidlulele. Inikeza ukuguquguquka okuhle kakhulu, ukuzinza kwe-dimensional kanye nokumelana nomswakama kwemiklamo ye-PCB eguquguqukayo eqinile.
I-C. I-Polyester (PET): I-Polyester iyimpahla ebiza kancane, engasindi ekwazi ukuguquguquka okuhle kanye nezakhiwo zokuvikela. Ivamise ukusetshenziselwa ama-PCB aguquguqukayo aqinile lapho ukuphumelela kwezindleko namandla okugoba okumaphakathi kubalulekile.
D. I-Polyimide (PI): I-Polyimide into evame ukusetshenziswa ezendlalelo eziguquguqukayo ze-PCB eziqinile. Inokuguquguquka okuhle kakhulu, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kanye nezakhiwo ezinhle zokuvala ugesi. Ifilimu ye-Polyimide ingaqoshwa kalula, iqoshwe futhi iboshwe kwezinye izendlalelo ze-PCB. Ziyakwazi ukumelana nokugoba okuphindaphindiwe ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa izakhiwo zazo zikagesi, okuzenza zibe zilungele izendlalelo eziguquguqukayo.
E. I-Liquid crystal polymer (LCP): I-LCP iyinto esebenza kahle kakhulu ye-thermoplastic esetshenziswa kakhulu njengesendlalelo esiguqukayo kuma-PCB aguquguqukayo aqinile. Inezici ezinhle kakhulu zemishini, kufaka phakathi ukuguquguquka okuphezulu, ukuzinza kwe-dimensional kanye nokumelana okuhle kakhulu nokushisa okukhulu. Amafilimu e-LCP ane-hygroscopicity ephansi futhi afanele ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinomswakama. Futhi banokuphikiswa okuhle kwamakhemikhali kanye ne-dielectric engaguquki, iqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekile ezimeni ezinzima.
I-F. I-Polyester (i-PET): I-Polyester, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-polyethylene terephthalate (PET), iyinto engasindi futhi engabizi kakhulu esetshenziselwa izendlalelo eziguquguqukayo zama-PCB aqinile-flex. Ifilimu ye-PET inokuguquguquka okuhle, amandla aqinile aphezulu kanye nokuzinza okuhle kakhulu kokushisa. Lawa mafilimu anokumunca umswakama ophansi futhi anezindawo ezinhle zokuvala ugesi. I-PET ivamise ukukhethwa lapho ukuphumelela kwezindleko namandla okugoba amaphakathi kuyizici ezibalulekile ekwakhiweni kwe-PCB.
I-G. Polyetherimide (PEI): I-PEI iyi-thermoplastic yobunjiniyela esebenza kahle kakhulu esetshenziselwa ungqimba oluguquguqukayo lwama-PCB ahlanganiswe kanzima. Inezici ezinhle kakhulu zemishini, kufaka phakathi ukuguquguquka okuphezulu, ukuzinza kwe-dimensional kanye nokumelana nokushisa okukhulu. Ifilimu ye-PEI inokumuncwa okuphansi komswakama kanye nokumelana okuhle kwamakhemikhali. Futhi banamandla aphezulu e-dielectric kanye nezindawo zokuvikela ugesi, okubenza bafaneleke ukufaka izicelo ezidingekayo.
H. I-Polyethylene naphthalate (PEN): I-PEN iyinto ekwazi ukumelana nokushisa kakhulu futhi eguquguqukayo esetshenziselwa ungqimba oluguquguqukayo lwama-PCB aguquguqukayo aqinile. Inokuqina okuhle kokushisa, ukumunca umswakama ophansi kanye nezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini. Amafilimu e-PEN amelana kakhulu nemisebe ye-UV kanye namakhemikhali. Futhi bane-dielectric engaguquki ephansi kanye nezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokufakwa kukagesi. Ifilimu yePEN ingamelana nokugoba nokugoqwa okuphindaphindiwe ngaphandle kokuphazamisa izici zayo zikagesi.
I. I-Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS): I-PDMS iyinto enwebekayo eguquguqukayo esetshenziselwa ungqimba oluguquguqukayo lwama-PCB ahlangene athambile futhi aqinile. Inezici ezinhle kakhulu zemishini, kufaka phakathi ukuguquguquka okuphezulu, ukuqina nokumelana nokugoba okuphindaphindiwe. Amafilimu e-PDMS abuye abe nokuzinza okuhle kokushisa kanye nezakhiwo zokufaka ugesi. I-PDMS ivamise ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezidinga izinto ezithambile, ezinwebekayo nezinethezekile, njengezinto zikagesi ezigqokekayo kanye nemishini yezokwelapha.
Ngayinye yalezi zinto inezinzuzo zayo, futhi ukukhethwa kwempahla ye-flex layer kuncike ezidingweni ezithile zomklamo we-PCB. Izinto ezinjengokuguquguquka, ukumelana nezinga lokushisa, ukumelana nomswakama, ukuphumelela kwezindleko kanye nekhono lokugoba kudlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni ukwaziswa okufanelekile kongqimba oluguquguqukayo ku-PCB eguquguqukayo eqinile. Ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela kwalezi zici kuqinisekisa ukwethembeka kwe-PCB, ukuqina nokusebenza ezinhlotsheni zezicelo nezimboni.
4. Izinto ezinamathelayo kuma-PCB aqinile-flex:
Ukuze kuhlanganiswe izingqimba eziqinile neziguquguqukayo ndawonye, izinto zokunamathela zisetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwe-PCB eguquguqukayo. Lezi zinto zokubopha ziqinisekisa ukuxhumana okuthembekile kagesi phakathi kwezingqimba futhi zinikeze ukusekelwa okudingekayo kwemishini. Izinto ezimbili ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zokuhlanganisa yilezi:
A. I-Epoxy Resin: Izinamatheliso ezisekelwe ku-epoxy resin zisetshenziswa kabanzi ngenxa yamandla azo okubopha okuphezulu kanye nezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokuvala ugesi. Banikeza ukuzinza okuhle kokushisa futhi bathuthukise ukuqina okuphelele kwebhodi lesifunda.
b. I-Acrylic: Izinamatheliso ezisekelwe ku-Acrylic zikhethwa ezinhlelweni lapho ukuguquguquka nokumelana nomswakama kubalulekile. Lawa ma-adhesive anamandla amahle okubopha kanye nezikhathi zokuphulukisa ezimfushane kunama-epoxies.
C. I-Silicone: Izinamathiselo ezisekelwe ku-silicone zivame ukusetshenziswa kumabhodi aqinile-flex ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwawo, ukuqina okuhle kakhulu kokushisa, nokumelana nomswakama kanye namakhemikhali. Izinamatheliso ze-Silicone zingamelana nobubanzi obubanzi bokushisa, zibenze zifaneleke izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga kokubili ukuguquguquka nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu. Banikeza ukuhlangana okuphumelelayo phakathi kwezingqimba eziqinile neziguquguqukayo ngenkathi kugcinwa izakhiwo ezidingekayo zikagesi.
D. I-polyurethane: Izinamathiselo ze-polyurethane zinikeza ibhalansi yokuguquguquka namandla okubopha kuma-PCB aqinile-flex. Banokunamathela okuhle ezinhlobonhlobo zama-substrates futhi banikeza ukumelana okuhle kakhulu kumakhemikhali noshintsho lokushisa. Izinamathiselo ze-polyurethane nazo zimunca ukudlidliza futhi zinikeze ukuzinza kwemishini ku-PCB. Zivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezidinga ukuguquguquka nokuqina.
E. I-UV Resin Elaphekayo: Inhlaka ye-UV elaphekayo iwukunamathelayo okwelapha ngokushesha lapho kuvezwe ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet (UV). Banikeza izikhathi zokubopha ezisheshayo nezokwelapha, okubenza bafanelekele ukukhiqizwa kwevolumu ephezulu. Ama-resin alapheka nge-UV ahlinzeka ngokunamathela okuhle kakhulu ezintweni ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ama-substrates aqinile futhi aguquguqukayo. Baphinde babonise ukumelana kwamakhemikhali okuhle kakhulu kanye nezakhiwo zikagesi. Ama-resin elapheka nge-UV avame ukusetshenziselwa ama-PCB aqinile aguquguqukayo, lapho izikhathi zokucubungula ngokushesha nokubopha okuthembekile kubalulekile.
F. I-Pressure Sensitive Adhesive (PSA): I-PSA iyinto enamathelayo eyenza isibopho lapho kusetshenziswa ingcindezi. Banikeza isixazululo esilula, esilula sokuhlanganisa sama-PCB aqinile-flex. I-PSA inikeza ukunamathela okuhle ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ama-substrates aqinile futhi aguquguqukayo. Zivumela ukubekwa kabusha ngesikhathi somhlangano futhi zingasuswa kalula uma kudingeka. I-PSA iphinde inikeze ukuguquguquka okuhle kakhulu nokuvumelana, iyenze ifaneleke izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukugoba nokugoba kwe-PCB.
Isiphetho:
Ama-PCB e-Rigid-flex ayingxenye ebalulekile yemishini kagesi yesimanje, evumela imiklamo eyinkimbinkimbi yesekethe kumaphakheji ahlangene futhi ahlukahlukene. Konjiniyela nabaklami abahlose ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza nokuthembeka kwemikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi, kubalulekile ukuqonda izinto ezisetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwayo. Lesi sihloko sigxile ezintweni ezivame ukusetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwe-PCB eguquguqukayo, okuhlanganisa izendlalelo eziqinile neziguquguqukayo nezinto ezinamathelayo. Ngokucabangela izici ezinjengokuqina, ukuguquguquka, ukumelana nokushisa kanye nezindleko, abakhiqizi bezinto ze-elekthronikhi bangakhetha izinto ezifanele ngokusekelwe kuzidingo zabo zohlelo lokusebenza. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-FR4 yezendlalelo eziqinile, i-polyimide yezendlalelo eziguquguqukayo, noma i-epoxy yokubopha, into ngayinye idlala indima ekuqinisekiseni ukuqina nokusebenza kwama-PCB aqinile aguquguqukayo embonini yezogesi yanamuhla idlala indima ebalulekile.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-16-2023
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