Iphrothokholi yeBhodi Yesifunda Ephrintiwe (PCB) Yekhonsoli Yegeyimu yevidiyo

Isingeniso:

Amakhonsathi amageyimu evidiyo aguqule imboni yemidlalo, aheha izigidi zabadlali emhlabeni jikelele. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungunjiniyela wegeyimu osafufusa noma isazi sokuzilibazisa esingumakadebona, ukwenza i-prototyping yebhodi lesifunda eliphrintiwe (PCB) ikhonsoli yegeyimu yevidiyo kungaba umzamo ojabulisayo.Kulo mhlahlandlela we-DIY, sizohlola inqubo ye-prototyping yegeyimu yevidiyo yekhonsoli ye-PCB, kusukela ekwakhiweni kwesekethe nesakhiwo se-PCB, ukuya ekuhlanganiseni izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi nokudala i-prototype esebenzayo. Ngakho-ke, ake singene sijule emhlabeni we-prototyping yegeyimu yevidiyo futhi sifunde ukuthi ungayenza kanjani imibono yakho yegeyimu iphile!

1. Qonda idizayini yekhonsoli yegeyimu yevidiyo:

Ngaphambi kokuthi ungene ku-PCB prototyping, kubalulekile ukuthi ube nokuqonda okuyisisekelo komklamo wekhonsoli yegeyimu yevidiyo. Ama-consoles wegeyimu yevidiyo akhiwe izingxenye ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa iyunithi yokucubungula emaphakathi (CPU), inkumbulo, iyunithi yokucubungula ihluzo (GPU), izilawuli, nezindawo zokuphuma komsindo nevidiyo. Lezi zingxenye zisebenza ndawonye ukuze zivumele imidlalo ukuthi idlalwe futhi kunikezwe izithombe. Ukwengeza, ama-consoles wegeyimu ngokuvamile afaka izinhlobonhlobo zezinto ezizungezile, izinketho zokuxhuma okungenantambo, namadivayisi wokugcina. Lokhu kuqonda kuzokusiza ukuthi uhlele futhi udizayine isakhiwo se-PCB esisebenza kahle seprototype yekhonsoli yegeyimu yakho yevidiyo.

2. Idizayini ye-PCB nesakhiwo:

Ukuklama ukwakheka kwe-PCB kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekwenzeni i-prototyping ikhonsoli yomdlalo wevidiyo. Okokuqala, udinga ukudala i-schematic echaza ukuxhumana kukagesi nokusebenza kwezingxenye. Ungasebenzisa isofthiwe yokuklama ye-PCB efana ne-Eagle noma i-Altium Designer ukuze udale uhlelo. Uma isikimu sesiqediwe, isofthiwe ikuvumela ukuthi usiguqule sibe isakhiwo se-PCB esibonakalayo.

Lapho uklama isakhiwo se-PCB, cabangela usayizi wekhonsoli nokubekwa kwezingxenye. Qiniseka ukuthi amathrekhi axhuma izingxenye ezihlukahlukene mafushane ukuze unciphise ukuphazamiseka kwesignali. Sebenzisa umhlabathi olungile kanye nezindiza zamandla ukuze unikeze ukusatshalaliswa kwamandla okuzinzile. Futhi, naka ukuphatha okushisayo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi izingxenye ezibalulekile njenge-CPU ne-GPU zipholile ngokwanele.

3. Ukukhetha ingxenye ye-elekthronikhi:

Ukukhetha izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi ezifanele kubalulekile ekusebenzeni nasekusebenzeni kwesibonelo sekhonsoli yegeyimu yevidiyo yakho. Izingxenye zikhethwa ngokusekelwe ekusebenzisaneni kwazo nomklamo we-PCB, izidingo zamandla kanye nokusebenza okufiswayo. Izingxenye ezivamile zamakhonsoli egeyimu zifaka phakathi izilawuli ezincane, amamojula enkumbulo, ama-graphic processors, izixhumanisi zokuphuma komsindo nevidiyo, nama-chips okuphatha amandla.

Khumbula ukuthi izingxenye zokuthola izinjongo ze-prototyping zingase zingafani nokukhiqizwa ngobuningi. Amapulatifomu aku-inthanethi afana ne-Digi-Key, i-Mouser noma izitolo ze-elekthronikhi ezichwepheshile zivame ukunikeza izinhlobonhlobo zezingxenye ezifanele ukwenziwa kwe-prototyping.

4. Hlanganisa i-PCB:

Uma usuklame ukwakheka kwe-PCB futhi wathola izingxenye ezidingekayo, sekuyisikhathi sokuhlanganisa i-PCB. Qala ngokubeka ngokucophelela izingxenye ebhodini, uqinisekise ukuma nokuqondanisa okulungile. Ama-PCB esimanje asebenzisa izingxenye ze-surface mount technology (SMT), ezidinga okokusebenza okukhethekile njengeziteshi zokunamathisela, izibhamu ezishisayo, noma amahhavini agelezayo.

Qaphela lapho uthengisa ukuze ugweme izingxenye ezilimazayo noma iminonjana ye-PCB. Uma umusha ekuthengiseni, ukuzijwayeza ebhodini lesifunda elincane kusengaphambili kungasiza ukuthuthukisa amakhono akho. I-Flux kanye ne-fine-tip soldering iron kungamathuluzi abalulekile wokuqinisa okunembile.

5. Dala i-prototype esebenzayo:

Uma i-PCB isihlanganisiwe, sekuyisikhathi sokuhlola nokuhlola isibonelo sekhonsoli yegeyimu yevidiyo yakho. Xhuma amandla adingekayo, izilawuli, nezinto zomsindo nevidiyo ukuze uhlole ukusebenza kwekhonsoli. Sebenzisa ikhithi yokuthuthukisa isofthiwe (i-SDK) namathuluzi okulungisa iphutha ukuze uhlole ukusebenza nokuxazulula izinkinga.

Uma ukusebenza sekuqinisekisiwe, hlaziya ukusebenza ngokuqalisa igeyimu ethile noma uhlelo lokusebenza. Qoqa impendulo kubahloli futhi wenze izinguquko ezidingekayo ukuze uthuthukise ulwazi lomsebenzisi. Le nqubo ephindaphindayo ingathuthukisa kakhulu i-prototype yakho yekhonsoli yegeyimu yevidiyo.

6. Mayelana nokukhiqiza:

Ukwenza i-PCB yekhonsoli yegeyimu yevidiyo kuyisiqalo esihle sokubona umbono wakho wegeyimu. Kodwa-ke, ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi kwama-consoles emidlalo nakho kudinga ukucatshangelwa kwezinye izinto ezifana nesitifiketi, ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza ngobuningi kanye nokuphathwa kwe-supply chain. Ukusebenza nomkhiqizi wezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha noma ukufuna isiqondiso kochwepheshe bomkhakha kungakusiza ukuthi uzulazule kulezi zinkimbinkimbi futhi ulethe ngempumelelo ikhonsoli yakho yegeyimu yevidiyo emakethe.

Isiphetho :

Kubathandi be-DIY kanye nabathuthukisi begeyimu abasafufusa, ukwenza i-prototyping PCBs yamakhonsoli egeyimu yevidiyo kuyinqubo efinyelelekayo nezuzisayo. Ngokuqonda izisekelo zedizayini yekhonsoli yegeyimu yevidiyo, ukuklama isakhiwo se-PCB esisebenza kahle, ukukhetha izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi ezifanele, nokuhlanganisa i-prototype esebenzayo, ungaguqula imibono yakho yokudlala ibe ngokoqobo elibambekayo. Njengoba wenza ngcono i-prototype yakho futhi uqoqa impendulo, ungase uzithole usulungele ukuqalisa uhambo olujabulisayo lokwakha ikhonsoli. Ngakho-ke phakamisa imikhono yakho, uvule ubuhlakani bakho, bese uqala ukwenza i-prototyping eyakho ikhonsoli yomdlalo wevidiyo!