Lungiselela ikhwalithi yesiginali kuma-PCB anezingqimba eziyi-12 ukuze unciphise i-crosstalk

Ukuxazulula Izinselelo Zokuxhumanisa Umzila kanye Noxhumano Lwe-Interlayer Kumabhodi Omjikelezo Wezingqimba Ezingu-12 ukuze Kuzuzwe Ikhwalithi Yesiginali Efanelekile Nokunciphisa I-Crosstalk

Yethula:

Ukuthuthuka okusheshayo kwezobuchwepheshe kubangele ukwanda kwesidingo semishini kagesi eyinkimbinkimbi, okuholele ekusetshenzisweni kwamabhodi esekethe anezingqimba eziningi. Lawa mabhodi aqukethe izendlalelo eziningi zamathrekhi e-conductive, ahlinzeka ngesixazululo esihlangene nesisebenzayo sezinhlelo ze-elekthronikhi. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ubunkimbinkimbi bala mabhodi bukhula, kuvela izinselelo ezahlukahlukene, njengokuhamba komzila kanye nezinkinga zokuxhumanisa i-interlayer. Kule bhulogi, sizocwilisa ezinkingeni zokuxazulula lezi zinselele kumabhodi esekethe anezendlalelo eziyi-12 ukuze sifinyelele i-crosstalk ephansi kanye nekhwalithi yesiginali ephezulu. Ngakho ake sicwilise!

Qonda izinselelo zekhebula:

Ikhebula ephumelelayo ibalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukudluliswa kwesignali okushelelayo kanye nokunciphisa ukuphazamiseka. Ebhodini lesifunda elinezingqimba eziyi-12, ukwakheka komkhondo okuminyene kwandisa kakhulu inkimbinkimbi yenqubo yomzila. Nawa amasu abalulekile okuhlangabezana nale nselelo:

1. Beka izingxenye ngokucophelela:

Ukubekwa kwengxenye okucatshangelwayo kudlala indima ebalulekile ekwandiseni umzila. Ngokuhlela izingxenye ngendlela enengqondo, singakwazi ukunciphisa ubude bezintambo zibonke futhi sinciphise ithuba lokungqubuzana. Gxila ekunciphiseni ibanga phakathi kwezingxenye ezibalulekile ukuze uqinisekise ukugeleza kwesignali okusebenzayo.

2. Sebenzisa isendlalelo sesignali ngokuhlakanipha:

Ukunikeza ngobuchule izendlalelo zesignali kusiza ukugcina ubuqotho besignali. Ukuphazamiseka kungancishiswa ngokuhlanganisa amasignali afanayo ndawonye ngezandlalelo eziseduze futhi anikeze isikhala esanele phakathi kwamasignali azwelayo. Ukwengeza, ukusebenzisa izindiza eziphansi nezinamandla kulo lonke ibhodi kusiza ukulawula ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic (EMI) futhi kunciphise ukuguquguquka kwamandla kagesi.

3. Umzila wesendlalelo sesignali:

Ukuhambisa amasignali ngokucophelela kuyisihluthulelo sokuvimbela i-crosstalk. Sebenzisa amapheya ahlukile noma ama-impedance traces amasiginali aphezulu. Ukusebenzisa amasu okuvikela, njengokufaka izindiza eziphansi phakathi kwezendlalelo zesignali, zinganikeza isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuvikela ngokumelene nokuhlanganisana okuphambene nomsindo omkhulu.

4. Ubuqotho besignali nemithetho yokuklama:

Ukuthobela ubuqotho besignali kanye nemithetho yokuklama kubalulekile ekuzuzeni ikhwalithi yesignali enhle kakhulu. Yenza ukubala okuphelele kwe-impedance ucabangela izici ze-substrate kanye nezingqinamba zokuklama. Qinisekisa ukunqanyulwa okufanele kanye nokufaniswa kwe-impedance ukuze ugweme ukubonakaliswa kwesignali kanye nenkohlakalo yedatha.

Xazulula inkinga yokuxhumanisa kwezingqimba:

Ngokungeziwe ezinseleleni zomzila, ukuqinisekisa ukuxhumana okusebenzayo kwe-interlayer kubalulekile ngokulinganayo ekuthuthukiseni ikhwalithi yesignali. Ake sihlole amasu athile okuxazulula inkinga yokuxhumanisa kwezingqimba ezihlanganayo:

1. Ngokubeka:

I-vias ebekwe kahle isiza ukugeleza kwesignali okusebenzayo phakathi kwezendlalelo. Ukubeka i-vias eduze komthombo wesignali nendawo oya kuyo kunciphisa amathuba e-crosstalk kanye nokonakaliswa kwesignali. I-Vis eyimpumputhe noma engcwatshiwe ithuthukisa ubuqotho besignali ngokuvumela ukuxhuma izendlalelo ezithile ngaphandle kokungena kulo lonke ibhodi.

2. Nciphisa ngama-stubs:

I-Via stubs ingabangela ukuncishiswa kwesignali, ikakhulukazi kumaza aphezulu. Ngokunciphisa ubude be-stubs, singanciphisa ukubonakaliswa nokulahlekelwa kwesignali. Amasu ahlukahlukene afana ne-backdrilling kanye ne-microdrilling angasiza ukuqeda noma ukunciphisa ubude be-stub.

3. Ukulawulwa kwe-impedance routing:

Ukuthola i-impedance elawulwayo phakathi kwezingqimba ezihlukahlukene kubalulekile ekugcineni ubuqotho besignali. Izibalo eziqinile ze-impedance kanye nokulandela umkhondo ngokucophelela kuqinisekisa izici ze-impedance ezingaguquki kulo lonke uxhumano lwe-interlayer, kunciphisa ukuhlanekezela kwesignali.

4. Idizayini estakiwe:

Ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela kwedizayini yesitaki kunganciphisa izinselele zokuxhumanisa kwezingqimba eziningi. Khetha i-symmetrical stackup usebenzisa izendlalelo zangaphambi kokulungiswa noma izendlalelo ze-dielectric ezimiswe ngokulinganayo. Ngokusatshalaliswa kwezinto ezilinganiselwe, noma iyiphi isignali edlula isendlalelo ngasinye izobhekana nezimo ezifanayo, iqinisekisa ikhwalithi yesiginali engaguquki kulo lonke ibhodi.

Ekuphetheni:

Isidingo esikhulayo semishini ye-elekthronikhi esebenza kahle kakhulu sidinga ukusetshenziswa kwamabhodi esekethe anezendlalelo eziningi futhi ayinkimbinkimbi. Kodwa-ke, ukuxazulula izinselele zokuxhumanisa umzila kanye ne-inter-layer yokuxhuma kulawa mabhodi ayinkimbinkimbi kubalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe i-crosstalk ephansi kanye nekhwalithi yesignali ephezulu. Ngokubeka ngokucophelela izingxenye, ukusetshenziswa okuhlakaniphile kwezendlalelo zesignali, ukusebenzisa umzila ophumelelayo, nokucabangela ukuxhumeka kwe-interlayer okulungile, singazinqoba lezi zinselele futhi siqinisekise ukusebenza okuhle okuvela kumabhodi esekethe anezendlalelo eziyi-12. Sebenzisa lawa maqhinga ukuze uthathe idizayini yakho ye-elekthronikhi uye ezingeni eliphezulu lempumelelo!