Lungiselela ukwakheka kwe-HDI Flex PCB nokuxhumana ukuze uthuthukise ikhwalithi yesiginali futhi unciphise ubude bokulandelela

Yethula:

Kulokhu okuthunyelwe kwebhulogi, sizohlola ukucatshangelwa okubalulekile kanye namasu okufanele silandelwe ukuze sinciphise ubude bokulandelela futhi ekugcineni sithuthukise ikhwalithi yesignali ye-HDI eguquguqukayo ye-PCB.

I-High-density interconnect (HDI) amabhodi esekethe ephrintiwe aguqukayo (PCBs) ayinketho eyandayo edumile kuma-electronics wesimanje ngenxa yokubumbana kwawo nokuguquguquka. Kodwa-ke, ukuklama nokusebenzisa izindlela ezilungile zokubeka nezindlela zokuxhuma zama-PCB aguquguqukayo we-HDI kungaba umsebenzi oyinselele.

Ukubaluleka kokubekwa kwengxenye nezindlela zokuxhuma:

Isakhiwo sengxenye nezindlela zokuxhuma zinomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kukonke kwama-PCB aguqukayo e-HDI. Ukubekwa kwengxenye okulungiselelwe kahle nezindlela zomzila zingathuthukisa ubuqotho besignali futhi kunciphise ukuhlanekezela kwesignali. Ngokunciphisa ubude bomugqa, singanciphisa ukubambezeleka kokudlulisela kanye nokulahlekelwa kwesignali, ngaleyo ndlela sithuthukise ukwethembeka nokusebenza kwesistimu.

Izinto okufanele uzicabangele lapho ukhetha isakhiwo sengxenye:

1. Ukuhlaziywa kokugeleza kwesignali:

Ngaphambi kokuqala ukubekwa kwengxenye, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukugeleza kwesignali futhi unqume indlela ebalulekile. Ukuhlaziya izindlela zesignali kusivumela ukuthi sithuthukise ukubekwa kwezingxenye ezithinta kakhulu ubuqotho besignali.

2. Ukubekwa kwezingxenye ezinesivinini esikhulu:

Izingxenye ezinesivinini esikhulu, njengama-microprocessors nama-memory chips, zidinga ukunakwa okukhethekile. Ukubeka lezi zingxenye eduze kwezinye kunciphisa ukubambezeleka kokusakazwa kwesignali futhi kunciphisa isidingo sokulandela umkhondo okude. Ukwengeza, ukubeka izingxenye zesivinini esikhulu eduze nokunikezwa kwamandla kusiza ukunciphisa impedance yenethiwekhi yokusabalalisa amandla (i-PDN), kusiza ubuqotho besignali.

3. Ukuhlanganiswa kwezingxenye ezihlobene:

Ukuhlanganisa izingxenye ezihlobene (njengezingxenye zedijithali ne-analog) kusakhiwo kuvimbela ukuphazamiseka nokukhuluma ngokuphambene. Kuyatuswa futhi ukuhlukanisa amasignali edijithali anesivinini esiphezulu kanye ne-analog ukuze kugwenywe ukuhlangana nokuphazamiseka.

4. I-Decoupling capacitor:

Ama-Decoupling capacitor abalulekile ekugcineni amandla azinzile kumasekethe ahlanganisiwe (ICs). Ukuwabeka eduze kakhulu nezikhonkwane zamandla e-IC kunciphisa inductance futhi kukhulisa ukusebenza kahle kokunqanyulwa kokuphakelwa kwamandla.

Izinto okufanele uziqaphele lapho ukhetha indlela yokuxhuma:

1. Ukwehluka kwemizila emibili:

Amapheya ahlukile ajwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukudluliswa kwedatha ngesivinini esikhulu. Umzila ofanelekile wamapheya ahlukene ubalulekile ekugcineni ubuqotho besignali. Ukugcina imikhondo ihambisana nokugcina isikhala esingashintshi phakathi kokulandela umkhondo kuvimbela ukutsheka kwesignali futhi kunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic (EMI).

2. Ukulawulwa kokuphazamiseka:

Ukugcina i-impedance elawulwayo kubalulekile ekudluliseni isignali ngesivinini esikhulu. Ukusebenzisa imikhondo ye-impedance elawulwayo yamasignali anesivinini esikhulu kunganciphisa ukubonakaliswa kanye nokuhlanekezelwa kwesignali. Ukufaka izibali ze-impedance namathuluzi okulingisa enqubweni yokuklama kungasiza kakhulu ekuzuzeni ukulawulwa kwe-impedance okuphelele.

3. Umzila oqondile:

Ukuze unciphise ubude bomzila, kunconywa ukuthi ukhethe imizila eqondile noma nini lapho kunokwenzeka. Ukunciphisa inani le-vias nokusebenzisa ubude bokulandelela obufushane kungathuthukisa kakhulu ikhwalithi yesignali ngokunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwesignali.

4. Gwema ukugoba namakhona:

Ukugoba namakhona ekulandeleleni kwethula okuthize okungeziwe kanye nokunqanyulwa kwesignali, okuholela ekuncipheni kwesignali. Ukuzulazula emigqeni eqondile noma amajika amarediyasi amakhulu kusiza ukunciphisa ukubonakaliswa kwesignali nokugcina ubuqotho besignali.

Imiphumela nezinzuzo:

Ngokulandela ukucatshangelwa okungenhla namasu, abaklami bangafinyelela ukubekwa kwengxenye okulungiselelwe ngokugcwele nezindlela zokuxhuma zama-PCB aguquguqukayo e-HDI. Ungathola izinzuzo ezilandelayo:

1. Thuthukisa ikhwalithi yesiginali:

Ukunciphisa ubude bomugqa kunciphisa ukubambezeleka kokudlulisela, ukulahlekelwa kwesignali, nokuhlanekezela kwesignali. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yesignali futhi kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwesistimu.

2. Nciphisa inkulumo-mpikiswano nokuphazamiseka:

Ukuqoqwa kwezingxenye ezifanele nokuhlukaniswa kunganciphisa ukukhuluma nokuphazanyiswa, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukise ubuqotho besignali nokunciphisa umsindo wesistimu.

3. Ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe kwe-EMI/EMC:

Amasu afanele we-cabling kanye nokulawulwa kwe-impedance kunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic futhi kuthuthukise ukuhambisana kwe-electromagnetic kohlelo.

4. Ukusabalalisa amandla okusebenzayo:

Ukubekwa kwamaqhinga kwezingxenye zesivinini esikhulu kanye nama-capacitor e-decoupling kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokusabalalisa amandla, kuthuthukise ngokwengeziwe ubuqotho besignali.

Ekuphetheni:

Ukuze uthuthukise ikhwalithi yesiginali futhi unciphise ubude bokulandelela kuma-PCB aguquguqukayo e-HDI, abaklami kufanele bacabangele ngokucophelela ukwakheka kwengxenye nezindlela zokuxhuma.Ukuhlaziya ukugeleza kwesignali, ukubeka kahle izingxenye ezinesivinini esikhulu, kusetshenziswa ama-capacitor e-decoupling, nokusebenzisa amasu omzila athuthukisiwe kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuzuzeni ubuqotho besignali obuphelele. Ngokulandela le mihlahlandlela, abakhiqizi bezinto zikagesi bangaqinisekisa ukuthuthukiswa kwama-PCB asebenziseka kalula futhi athembekile we-HDI.