Inqubo yokukhiqiza yama-PCB anezingqimba eziyisi-8 ibandakanya izinyathelo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile ezibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukukhiqizwa okuyimpumelelo kwamabhodi asezingeni eliphezulu nathembekile.Kusukela kusakhiwo sokuklama ukuya ekuhlanganisweni kokugcina, isinyathelo ngasinye sidlala indima ebalulekile ekuzuzeni i-PCB esebenzayo, ehlala isikhathi eside futhi ephumelelayo.
Okokuqala, isinyathelo sokuqala senqubo yokukhiqiza ye-PCB enezingqimba eziyisi-8 ukuklama nokuma.Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukwakha ipulani yebhodi, ukunquma ukubekwa kwezingxenye, nokunquma ngomzila wokulandela umkhondo. Lesi sigaba ngokuvamile sisebenzisa amathuluzi esoftware yokuklama njenge-Altium Designer noma i-EagleCAD ukuze kwakhe ukumelelwa kwedijithali kwe-PCB.
Ngemuva kokuthi umklamo usuqedile, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukwakhiwa kwebhodi lesifunda.Inqubo yokukhiqiza iqala ngokukhetha i-substrate material efaneleke kakhulu, ngokuvamile i-fiberglass-reinforced epoxy, eyaziwa nge-FR-4. Le nto inamandla amahle kakhulu wemishini kanye nezakhiwo zokuvikela, okuyenza ilungele ukukhiqizwa kwe-PCB.
Inqubo yokukhiqiza ibandakanya izinyathelo ezincane ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa ukuqoshwa, ukuqondanisa ungqimba kanye nokubhola.I-Etching isetshenziselwa ukususa ithusi eliningi ku-substrate, ishiya iminonjana namaphedi ngemuva. Ukuqondanisa isendlalelo bese kwenziwa ukuze kustakwe kahle izendlalelo ezihlukene ze-PCB. Ukunemba kubalulekile phakathi nalesi sinyathelo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izendlalelo zangaphakathi nezingaphandle ziqondaniswe kahle.
Ukubhola ngesinye isinyathelo esibalulekile kunqubo yokukhiqiza ye-PCB enezingqimba eziyisi-8.Kubandakanya ukubhoboza izimbobo ezinembile ku-PCB ukuze unike amandla ukuxhumana kukagesi phakathi kwezendlalelo ezihlukene. Lezi zimbobo, ezibizwa nge-vias, zingagcwaliswa ngezinto eziqhutshwayo ukuze zinikeze ukuxhumana phakathi kwezendlalelo, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukise ukusebenza nokuthembeka kwe-PCB.
Ngemuva kokuthi inqubo yokukhiqiza isiqediwe, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukufaka imaski ye-solder nokuphrinta kwesikrini ukuze kuphawulwe ingxenye.Imaski ye-Solder ungqimba oluncane lwe-polymer ekwazi ukuthwebula uketshezi esetshenziselwa ukuvikela iminonjana yethusi ekufakweni kwe-oxidation nokuvimbela amabhuloho athengiswayo ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa. Isendlalelo sesikrini sikasilika, ngakolunye uhlangothi, sinikeza incazelo yengxenye, abaklami bereferensi, nolunye ulwazi oluyisisekelo.
Ngemuva kokusebenzisa imaski ye-solder nokuphrinta kwesikrini, ibhodi lesifunda lizohamba ngenqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-solder paste ukuphrinta kwesikrini.Lesi sinyathelo sihilela ukusebenzisa i-stencil ukufaka ungqimba oluncane lwe-solder paste ebusweni bebhodi lesifunda. I-solder paste iqukethe izinhlayiya ze-alloy zensimbi ezincibilika phakathi nenqubo yokuphinda i-solder ukwakha uxhumano oluqinile noluthembekile lukagesi phakathi kwengxenye ne-PCB.
Ngemva kokufaka i-solder paste, umshini wokukhetha nendawo usetshenziselwa ukukhweza izingxenye ku-PCB.Le mishini ibeka izingxenye ngokunembile ezindaweni ezikhethiwe ngokusekelwe kumiklamo yesakhiwo. Izingxenye zigcinwe endaweni nge-solder paste, zakha ukuxhumana kwesikhashana komshini nogesi.
Isinyathelo sokugcina senqubo yokukhiqiza ye-PCB enezingqimba eziyi-8 ukuphinda kufakwe i-solder.Inqubo ihilela ukubeka yonke ibhodi lesifunda ezingeni lokushisa elilawulwayo, ukuncibilikisa unamathisele we-solder nokubopha unomphela izingxenye ebhodini. Inqubo ye-reflow soldering iqinisekisa uxhumano lukagesi oluqinile futhi oluthembekile ngenkathi igwema ukulimala ezingxenyeni ngenxa yokushisa ngokweqile.
Ngemuva kokuthi inqubo yokuphinda ithengiselwe kabusha isiqediwe, i-PCB ihlolisiswa futhi ihlolwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwayo nekhwalithi.Yenza izivivinyo ezihlukahlukene njengokuhlola okubukwayo, ukuhlola ukuqhubeka kukagesi, nokuhlolwa kokusebenza ukuze uthole noma yikuphi ukukhubazeka noma izinkinga.
Kafushane, iInqubo yokukhiqiza ye-PCB enezingqimba eziyi-8kuhilela uchungechunge lwezinyathelo ezibalulekile ezibalulekile ekukhiqizeni ibhodi elithembekile nelisebenza kahle.Kusukela ekuklanyweni nasekuhleleni kuya ekukhiqizeni, ekuhlanganiseni nasekuhlolweni, isinyathelo ngasinye sinomthelela kukhwalithi isiyonke kanye nokusebenza kwe-PCB. Ngokulandela lezi zinyathelo ngokunembile nangokunaka imininingwane, abakhiqizi bangakhiqiza ama-PCB ekhwalithi ephezulu ahlangabezana nezidingo ezahlukahlukene zohlelo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-26-2023
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