Izindinganiso zemboni zokukhiqiza ibhodi eliqinile-flex

Ingabe akhona amazinga athile embonini abakhiqizi okudingeka bawalandele uma kukhulunywa ngokukhiqiza i-PCB eqinile? Kulokhu okuthunyelwe kwebhulogi, sizohlola lo mbuzo futhi sihlole ukubaluleka kwamazinga emboni kule ndawo.

Uma kukhulunywa ngokwenziwa kwebhodi lesekethe eliphrintiwe (PCB), kubalulekile ukuthobela izindinganiso zomkhakha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo yekhwalithi ephezulu. Eminyakeni yakamuva, ama-PCB aqinile-flex athole ukuduma ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwawo kanye nokuqina.

Ukuze uqonde umqondo wamazinga womkhakha wokukhiqiza we-PCB eqinile, kufanele uqale uqonde izisekelo ze-PCB eguquguqukayo eqinile. I-Rigid-flex PCB iyinhlanganisela yama-substrates aqinile futhi avumelana nezimo axhumene ukuze akhe ibhodi lesifunda elilodwa.Lezi zinhlobo zama-PCB zinikeza izinzuzo eziningi, ezifana nesisindo esincishisiwe, ukwethembeka okuthuthukisiwe, nokuguquguquka kwedizayini okuthuthukisiwe. Zivame ukusetshenziswa ezimbonini ezifana ne-aerospace, izinsiza zezokwelapha, kanye nama-electronics abathengi.

Nakuba kungekho mazinga athile embonini aqondileukukhiqizwa kwe-PCB eqinile-flex, kunamazinga amaningana ajwayelekile alawula yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-PCB.Lawa mazinga asebenza kuzo zonke izinhlobo zama-PCB futhi afaka zonke izici zenqubo yokukhiqiza, okuhlanganisa ukuklama, ukukhiqiza, ukuhlanganisa nokuhlola. Amanye amazinga aqashelwa kabanzi imboni ye-PCB ahlanganisa amazinga e-International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), amazinga e-Institute of Printed Circuits (IPC) kanye nomyalelo Wokukhawulelwa Kwezinto Eziyingozi (RoHS).

I-IEC yinhlangano yomhlaba wonke ethuthukisa futhi ishicilele izindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe zobuchwepheshe bukagesi nobuchwepheshe, ithuthukisa imihlahlandlela esebenza emhlabeni wonke kuzo zonke izinqubo zokukhiqiza ze-PCB.Le mihlahlandlela ihlanganisa izici eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukucaciswa kwedizayini, ukukhethwa kwempahla, izinqubo zokukhiqiza kanye nokulawulwa kwekhwalithi. Ukuthobelana nalawa mazinga kuqinisekisa ukuthi ama-PCB ahlangabezana nezimfuneko ezijwayelekile zekhwalithi nokuphepha.

Ngokufanayo, i-IPC, inhlangano eyaziwa kakhulu yokubeka amazinga embonini yezogesi, inikeza imihlahlandlela ebalulekile yazo zonke izici zokukhiqiza i-PCB.Amazinga e-IPC ahlanganisa izihloko ezifana nezimiso zokuklama, izidingo zezinto ezibonakalayo, izinqubo zokukhiqiza, izinqubo zokuhlola, kanye nemibandela yokwamukela. Lawa mazinga ahlinzeka abakhiqizi izinkomba ezibalulekile zokuqinisekisa ukwethembeka nokusebenza kwemikhiqizo yabo.

Ngokungeziwe kulawa mazinga ajwayelekile, abakhiqizi kufanele bacabangele izidingo ezithile eziqondene nomkhakha lapho bekhiqiza ama-PCB aguquguqukayo aqinile.Izimboni ezifana ne-aerospace kanye nemishini yezokwelapha ngokuvamile inezincazelo ezihlukile ngenxa yesimo esibucayi sezinhlelo zazo zokusebenza. Isibonelo, ama-PCB omkhathi kufanele ahlangabezane neziqondiso eziqinile ezihlobene nokuthembeka, ukumelana nezinga lokushisa, nokumelana nokudlidliza. Ngokufanayo, ama-PCB edivayisi yezokwelapha kufanele ahambisane nemithethonqubo ye-biocompatibility kanye nokuvala inzalo.

Abakhiqizi abaningi baphinde balandele isiyalelo se-RoHS, esikhawulela ukusetshenziswa kwezinto eziyingozi kumishini kagesi neye-elekthronikhi.Umyalelo ukhawulela ubukhona bezinto ezifana nomthofu, i-mercury, i-cadmium nezinye izinto ezibuyisela amalangabi. Ukuthobela i-RoHS akuqinisekisi ukuphepha kwabasebenzisi bokugcina kuphela, kodwa futhi kukhombisa ukuzibophezela ekuzibophezeleni kwezemvelo.

Yize lezi zindinganiso ezijwayelekile neziqondene nemboni zinikeza isiqondiso esibalulekile sokwenziwa kwe-PCB, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi azibophezeli ngokomthetho.Nokho, ukunamathela kulawa mazinga kubalulekile ngenxa yezizathu eziningi. Okokuqala, ukulandela izindinganiso kuvumela abakhiqizi ukuthi bakhiqize imikhiqizo yekhwalithi ephezulu ehlangabezana nokulindelwe ngamakhasimende. Okwesibili, iqinisekisa ukungaguquguquki enqubweni yokukhiqiza, ngaleyo ndlela ikhulise ukusebenza kahle nokunciphisa izindleko. Okokugcina, ukuthobela izindinganiso kukhulisa isithunzi somkhiqizi nokwethembeka embonini.

Ngaphezu kokunamathela ezindinganisweni zemboni, abakhiqizi bangasebenzisa auhlelo lokuphatha ikhwalithi (QMS)ukuthuthukisa izinqubo zabo zokukhiqiza ze-PCB eziguquguqukayo.Izinhlelo zokuphatha ikhwalithi zisiza izinhlangano ukuthi zilawule ukusebenza futhi zihlangabezane nezidingo zamakhasimende ngokungaguquki. Ihlinzeka ngohlaka lokuhlonza nokuxazulula izinkinga, ukuthuthukisa ukulawulwa kwenqubo, kanye nokuqinisekisa intuthuko eqhubekayo.

Ngokufigqiwe,kuyilapho zingekho izindinganiso ezithile zomkhakha eziqondene nokukhiqizwa kwe-PCB eqinile, kukhona izindinganiso ezijwayelekile neziqondene nemboni abakhiqizi okufanele banamathele kuzo. Lawa mazinga ahlanganisa zonke izici zokwenziwa kwe-PCB, eqinisekisa ukukhiqizwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu, imikhiqizo ethembekile. Ngokulandela la mazinga, abakhiqizi bangathuthukisa ukusebenza komkhiqizo, bahlangabezane nokulindelwe ngamakhasimende, futhi babe umdlali othembekile embonini.