Izindlela zokulawula i-impedance kuma-PCB aguquguqukayo

Kulokhu okuthunyelwe kwebhulogi, sizongena emhlabeni wama-PCB aguquguqukayo futhi sihlole amasu ahlukene asetshenziswa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukulawulwa kwe-impedance okufanele.

ethula:

Ukulawulwa kokuphazamiseka kuyisici esibalulekile sokuklama nokukhiqiza amabhodi esekethe aphrintiwe avumelana nezimo (Flex PCBs). Njengoba lawa mabhodi ethandwa kakhulu kuzo zonke izimboni eziningi, kuyafuneka ukuqonda izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokulawula i-impedance ezitholakalayo.

Iyini i-PCB eguquguqukayo?

I-Flexible PCB, eyaziwa nangokuthi isekethe ephrintiwe evumelana nezimo noma idivayisi ye-elekthronikhi eguquguqukayo, ibhekisela kumjikelezo we-elekthronikhi omncane, okhanyayo futhi ovumelana nezimo kakhulu. Ngokungafani nama-PCB aqinile, akhiqizwa kusetshenziswa izinto eziqinile njenge-fiberglass, ama-PCB aguquguqukayo akhiqizwa kusetshenziswa izinto eziguquguqukayo njenge-polyimide. Lokhu kuvumelana nezimo kuzivumela ukuthi zigobe, zisonteke kanye nekhonta ukuze zilingane nanoma yisiphi isimo noma isimo.

Kungani ukulawulwa kwe-impedance kubalulekile kuma-PCB aguquguqukayo?

Ukulawulwa kwe-impedance kubalulekile kuma-PCB aguquguqukayo njengoba kuqinisekisa ubuqotho besignali, kunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwesignali, futhi kuthuthukisa ukusebenza okuphelele. Njengoba isidingo sezinhlelo zokusebenza zemvamisa ephezulu njengama-smartphones, amaphilisi, izinto ezigqokwayo, nezinto zikagesi zezimoto siqhubeka nokwanda, ukugcinwa kokulawulwa kokuvimba kubaluleka nakakhulu.

Indlela yokulawula i-impedance ye-PCB eguquguqukayo:

1. Ijiyomethri yesiyingi:
Ijiyomethri yesifunda idlala indima ebalulekile ekulawulweni kwe-impedance. I-impedance ingalungiswa kahle ngokulungisa ububanzi bokulandelela, isikhala kanye nesisindo sethusi. Izibalo ezifanele kanye nokulingiswa kusiza ukufeza inani elifiselekayo le-impedance.

2. Izinto ze-dielectric ezilawulwayo:
Ukukhethwa kwezinto ze-dielectric kuthinta kakhulu ukulawulwa kwe-impedance. Ama-PCB aguquguqukayo anesivinini esiphezulu ngokuvamile asebenzisa izinto ezihlala njalo ze-dielectric ukuze anciphise isivinini sokusakaza isignali ukuze afinyelele ukuvimbela okulawulwayo.

3. Ukucushwa kwe-Microstrip kanye ne-stripline:
Ukulungiswa kwe-Microstrip kanye ne-stripline kusetshenziswa kakhulu ukulawula i-impedance yama-PCB aguquguqukayo. I-Microstrip ibhekisela ekucushweni lapho ukulandelana kwe-conductive kubekwa phezulu kwempahla ye-dielectric, kuyilapho i-stripline ihilela ukulandelana kwe-sandwiching conductive phakathi kwezingqimba ezimbili ze-dielectric. Kokubili ukulungiselelwa kunikeza izici ze-impedance ezingabikezelwa.

4. I-capacitor eshumekiwe:
Ama-capacitor ashumekiwe nawo asetshenziselwa ukuhlinzeka ngamavelu aphezulu we-capacitance ngenkathi kulawulwa i-impedance. Ukusebenzisa izinto ezishumekiwe ze-capacitive ezifana namafilimu kusiza ukugcina ukufana kwe-impedance kuyo yonke i-PCB eguquguqukayo.

5. Ukumatanisa okuhlukile:
Ukusayinda okuhlukile kuvame ukusetshenziswa ekuxhumaneni kwesivinini esikhulu futhi kudinga ukulawulwa okunembayo okunembayo. Ngokumatanisa ngokunembile ukulandelana okuhlukile nokugcina isikhala esingaguquki, i-impedance ingalawulwa ngokuqinile, inciphise ukubonakaliswa kwesignali kanye ne-crosstalk.

6. Indlela yokuhlola:
Ukulawulwa kokuphazamiseka kudinga ukuhlolwa okuqinile kanye nokuqinisekiswa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhambisana nezicaciso zedizayini. Ubuchwepheshe obufana ne-TDR (I-Time Domain Reflectometry) nezihloli ze-impedance zisetshenziselwa ukukala nokuqinisekisa amanani e-impedance kumafrikhwensi ahlukene.

Ekuphetheni:

Ukulawulwa kokuphazamiseka kuyisici esibalulekile sokuklama ama-PCB avumelana nezimo ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo zezinhlelo zokusebenza zesimanje ze-elekthronikhi. Onjiniyela bangafinyelela ukulawulwa kokuvinjelwa okuphelele ngokusebenzisa ijiyomethri yesekethe efanelekile, izinto ezilawulwayo ze-dielectric, ukumiswa okuthile okufana ne-microstrip ne-stripline, kanye namasu anjengamandla ashumekiwe kanye nokubhanqa okuhlukile. Ukuhlolwa okuphelele nokuqinisekisa kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukunemba nokusebenza kahle kwe-impedance. Ngokuqonda lezi zindlela zokulawula i-impedance, abaklami nabakhiqizi banganikeza ama-PCB aguquguqukayo athembekile futhi asebenza kakhulu ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene.