FR4 vs. Polyimide: Iyiphi impahla elungele amasekhethi aguquguqukayo?

Kule bhulogi, sizohlola umehluko phakathi kwe-FR4 nezinto ze-polyimide kanye nomthelela wazo ekwakhiweni kwesekethe eguquguqukayo nokusebenza.

Amasekhethi avumelanayo, awaziwa nangokuthi ama-flexible printed circuits (FPC), abe yingxenye ebalulekile yezinto zikagesi zesimanje ngenxa yekhono lawo lokugoba nokusonta. Le mijikelezo isetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni ezinjengama-smartphones, amadivaysi agqokekayo, ugesi wezimoto, kanye nemishini yezokwelapha. Izinto ezisetshenziswa ekwenziweni kwesekethe eguquguqukayo zidlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni nasekusebenzeni kwazo. Izinto ezimbili ezivame ukusetshenziswa kumasekhethi aguquguqukayo yi-FR4 ne-polyimide.

I-FR4 imele i-Flame Retardant 4 futhi iyi-fiberglass eqiniswe nge-epoxy laminate. Isetshenziswa kabanzi njengesisekelo samabhodi wesekethe aphrintiwe aqinile (PCBs).Kodwa-ke, i-FR4 ingasetshenziswa futhi kumasekhethi avumelana nezimo, nakuba kunemikhawulo. Izinzuzo eziyinhloko ze-FR4 amandla ayo okusebenza aphezulu kanye nokuzinza, okuyenza ifanelekele izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho ukuqina kubalulekile. Ibuye ingabizi kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izinto ezisetshenziswa kumasekethe aguquguqukayo. I-FR4 inezindawo ezinhle kakhulu zokuvala ugesi kanye nokumelana okuhle nokushisa okuphezulu. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuqina kwayo, ayiguquki njengezinye izinto ezifana ne-polyimide.

I-Polyimide, ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-polymer esebenza kahle kakhulu enikeza ukuguquguquka okukhethekile. Kuyinto ye-thermoset engakwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu futhi ifanele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukumelana nokushisa.I-Polyimide ivamise ukukhethwa ukuthi isetshenziswe kumasekhethi aguquguqukayo ngenxa yokuguquguquka okuhle kakhulu nokuqina kwayo. Ingagotshwa, isongwe futhi igoqwe ngaphandle kokuthinta ukusebenza kwesifunda. I-Polyimide iphinde ibe nezindawo ezinhle zokuvala ugesi kanye ne-dielectric engaguquki, enenzuzo ekusebenzeni kwe-high-frequency. Nokho, i-polyimide ivamise ukubiza kakhulu kune-FR4 futhi amandla ayo okusebenza angase abe ngaphansi uma kuqhathaniswa.

Kokubili i-FR4 ne-polyimide zinezinzuzo kanye nemikhawulo yazo uma kuziwa ezinqubweni zokukhiqiza.I-FR4 ivamise ukukhiqizwa kusetshenziswa inqubo yokukhipha lapho ithusi eliningi liqoshwa ukuze kudalwe iphethini yesekethe efunekayo. Le nqubo ivuthiwe futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi embonini ye-PCB. I-Polyimide, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ivame ukukhiqizwa kusetshenziswa inqubo yokwengeza, efaka ukufaka izingqimba ezincanyana zethusi ku-substrate ukuze kwakhiwe amaphethini wesekethe. Inqubo inika amandla ukulandelelwa kwekhondatha okucolisekileyo kanye nesikhala esiqinile, iyenze ifanelekele amasekhethi aguquguqukayo aminyene kakhulu.

Mayelana nokusebenza, ukukhetha phakathi kwe-FR4 ne-polyimide kuncike ezidingweni ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza.I-FR4 ilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho ukuqina namandla okusebenza kubaluleke kakhulu, okufana nogesi wezimoto. Inokuqina okuhle kwe-thermal futhi ingakwazi ukumelana nezimo zokushisa eziphezulu. Kodwa-ke, ukuguquguquka kwayo okulinganiselwe kungase kungafaneleki izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukugoba noma ukugoqa, njengamadivayisi agqokekayo. I-Polyimide, ngakolunye uhlangothi, iyaphumelela ezinhlelweni ezidinga ukuguquguquka nokuqina. Ikhono layo lokumelana nokugoba okuphindaphindiwe liyenza ilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezibandakanya ukunyakaza noma ukudlidliza okuqhubekayo, okufana nemishini yezokwelapha kanye nogesi wasemkhathini.

Ngokufigqiwe, ukukhethwa kwezinto ze-FR4 kanye ne-polyimide kumasekethe aguquguqukayo kuncike ezidingweni ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza.I-FR4 inamandla amakhulu okusebenza nokuzinza, kodwa ukuguquguquka okuncane. I-Polyimide, ngakolunye uhlangothi, inikeza ukuguquguquka okuphakeme nokuqina kodwa ingabiza kakhulu. Ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kwalezi zinto ezibalulekile kubalulekile ekuklameni nasekukhiqizeni amasekhethi avumelana nezimo ahlangabezana nokusebenza okudingekile nokusebenza. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-smartphone, idivayisi egqokekayo noma yezokwelapha, ukukhetha izinto ezifanele kubalulekile empumelelweni yamasekhethi aguquguqukayo.