I-Flexible PCB (Printed Circuit Board) isithandwa kakhulu futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene. Kusukela kuma-electronics omthengi kuya ezinhlelweni zezimoto, i-fpc PCB iletha ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe nokuqina emishinini kagesi. Kodwa-ke, ukuqonda inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-PCB eguquguqukayo kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ikhwalithi nokuthembeka kwayo. Kulokhu okuthunyelwe kwebhulogi, sizohlolaflex PCB inqubo yokukhiqizangokuningiliziwe, ehlanganisa isinyathelo ngasinye esibalulekile esihilelekile.
1. Isigaba Sokuklama Nesakhiwo:
Isinyathelo sokuqala senqubo yokukhiqiza ibhodi lesifunda esishintshashintshayo yisigaba sokuklama nokuhlela. Kuleli qophelo, umdwebo wohlelo nesakhiwo sengxenye sekuqediwe. Dizayina amathuluzi esofthiwe afana ne-Altium Designer kanye ne-Cadence Allegro aqinisekisa ukunemba nokusebenza kahle kulesi sigaba. Izidingo zedizayini ezinjengosayizi, umumo kanye nomsebenzi kufanele kubhekwe ukuze kuhambisane nokuguquguquka kwe-PCB.
Phakathi nesigaba sokuklama nesesakhiwo sokwenziwa kwebhodi le-PCB eliguquguqukayo, izinyathelo ezimbalwa zidinga ukulandelwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe idizayini enembile nephumelelayo. Lezi zinyathelo zihlanganisa:
Isikimu:
Dala isikimu ukuze ubonise ukuxhumana kukagesi nomsebenzi wesekethe. Isebenza njengesisekelo sayo yonke inqubo yokuklama.
Ukubekwa kwengxenye:
Ngemuva kokuthi i-schematic isiqediwe, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukucacisa ukubekwa kwezingxenye ebhodini lesifunda eliphrintiwe. Izinto ezifana nobuqotho besignali, ukuphathwa kwe-thermal, kanye nezingqinamba zemishini ziyacatshangelwa ngesikhathi sokubekwa kwengxenye.
Umzila:
Ngemuva kokuthi izingxenye zibekwe, imikhondo yesifunda ephrintiwe ihanjiswa ukuze kusungulwe ukuxhumana kukagesi phakathi kwezingxenye. Kulesi sigaba, izidingo zokuguquguquka ze-flex circuit PCB kufanele zibhekwe. Amasu akhethekile omzila afana ne-meander noma i-serpentine routing angasetshenziswa ukufaka ukugoba kwebhodi lesifunda nokuguquguquka.
Ukuhlola umthetho wokuklama:
Ngaphambi kokuthi umklamo uphothulwe, ukuhlolwa komthetho wokuklama (i-DRC) kwenziwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umklamo uhlangabezana nezidingo ezithile zokukhiqiza. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlola amaphutha kagesi, ububanzi obuncane bokulandelela kanye nesikhala, nezinye izithiyo zokuklama.
Ukukhiqizwa kwefayela le-Gerber:
Ngemuva kokuthi umklamo usuqediwe, ifayela lokuklama liguqulwa libe ifayela le-Gerber, eliqukethe ulwazi lokukhiqiza oludingekayo ukuze kukhiqizwe ibhodi lesifunda eliphrintiwe le-flex. Lawa mafayela ahlanganisa ulwazi lwesendlalelo, ukubekwa kwengxenye kanye nemininingwane yomzila.
Ukuqinisekiswa Kwedizayini:
Imiklamo ingaqinisekiswa ngokulingisa kanye ne-prototyping ngaphambi kokungena esigabeni sokukhiqiza. Lokhu kusiza ukukhomba noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona noma ukuthuthukiswa okudingeka kwenziwe ngaphambi kokukhiqiza.
Dizayina amathuluzi esofthiwe afana ne-Altium Designer kanye ne-Cadence Allegro asiza ukwenza inqubo yokuklama ibe lula ngokunikeza izici ezifana nokuthwebula okuhleliwe, ukubekwa kwengxenye, umzila nokuhlola umthetho wedizayini. Lawa mathuluzi aqinisekisa ukunemba nokusebenza kahle kumklamo wesifunda ophrintiwe we-fpc oguquguqukayo.
2. Ukukhetha okubalulekile:
Ukukhetha impahla efanele kubalulekile ekwenziweni ngempumelelo kwama-PCB aguquguqukayo. Izinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zihlanganisa ama-polymers aguquguqukayo, i-foil yethusi, nama-adhesives. Ukukhetha kuncike ezintweni ezifana nokufakwa okuhlosiwe, izidingo zokuvumelana nezimo, nokumelana nezinga lokushisa. Ucwaningo olunzulu nokusebenzisana nabahlinzeki bezinto ezibonakalayo kuqinisekisa ukuthi impahla engcono kakhulu ikhethelwa iphrojekthi ethile.
Nazi ezinye izici okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho ukhetha impahla:
Izidingo zokuvumelana nezimo:
Izinto ezikhethiwe kufanele zibe nokuguquguquka okudingekayo ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-polymers aguquguqukayo atholakalayo, njenge-polyimide (PI) ne-polyester (PET), ngayinye enamazinga ahlukahlukene okuguquguquka.
Ukumelana Nezinga lokushisa:
Okubalulekile kufanele kukwazi ukumelana nebanga lokushisa lokusebenza ngaphandle kokuguqulwa noma ukonakala. Ama-substrates ahlukene aguquguqukayo anezilinganiso zokushisa eziphezulu ezihlukene, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukhetha into engakwazi ukubhekana nezimo ezidingekayo zokushisa.
Izakhiwo zikagesi:
Izinto ezisetshenziswayo kufanele zibe nezakhiwo zikagesi ezinhle, njengokungaguquki kwe-dielectric ephansi kanye ne-tangent yokulahlekelwa okuphansi, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubuqotho besignali obufanele. I-copper foil ivame ukusetshenziswa njenge-conductor ku-fpc flexible circuit ngenxa ye-conductivity yayo kagesi enhle kakhulu.
Izici zikaMechanical:
Izinto ezikhethiwe kufanele zibe namandla amahle okusebenza futhi zikwazi ukumelana nokugoba nokugoba ngaphandle kokuqhekeka noma ukuqhekeka. Izinamathiselo ezisetshenziselwa ukubopha izingqimba ze-flexpcb kufanele futhi zibe nezakhiwo ezinhle zemishini ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzinza nokuqina.
Ukuhambisana nezinqubo zokukhiqiza:
Izinto ezikhethiwe kufanele zihambisane nezinqubo zokukhiqiza ezihilelekile, njenge-lamination, etching, kanye ne-welding. Kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuhambisana kwezinto ezibonakalayo nalezi zinqubo ukuze kuqinisekiswe imiphumela yokukhiqiza ephumelelayo.
Ngokucabangela lezi zici nokusebenza nabahlinzeki bezinto ezibonakalayo, izinto ezifanele zingakhethwa ukuhlangabezana nezimo, ukumelana nezinga lokushisa, ukusebenza kukagesi, ukusebenza komshini, kanye nezidingo zokuhambisana zephrojekthi ye-PCB eguquguqukayo.
3. Ukulungiswa kwe-substrate:
Phakathi nesigaba sokulungiselela i-substrate, ifilimu eguquguqukayo isebenza njengesisekelo se-PCB. Futhi phakathi nesigaba sokulungiselela i-substrate yokwakhiwa kwesekethe ye-flex, ngokuvamile kuyadingeka ukuhlanza ifilimu eguquguqukayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ayinakho ukungcola noma izinsalela ezingase zithinte ukusebenza kwe-PCB. Inqubo yokuhlanza ngokuvamile ihilela ukusetshenziswa kwenhlanganisela yezindlela zamakhemikhali nezindlela zokususa ukungcola. Lesi sinyathelo sibaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukunamathela okufanele nokuhlanganiswa kwezingqimba ezilandelayo.
Ngemva kokuhlanza, ifilimu eguquguqukayo ihlanganiswe ngento enamathelayo ehlanganisa izendlalelo ndawonye. I-adhesive material esetshenzisiwe ngokuvamile ifilimu ekhethekile yokunamathisela noma i-adhesive liquid, ehlanganiswe ngokulinganayo ebusweni befilimu eguquguqukayo. Izinamathiselo zisiza ukuhlinzeka ngobuqotho besakhiwo nokuthembeka ku-PCB flex ngokuhlanganisa ngokuqinile izendlalelo ndawonye.
Ukukhetha izinto ezinamathelayo kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuhlangana okufanele nokuhlangabezana nezidingo ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza. Izinto ezinjengamandla ebhondi, ukumelana nezinga lokushisa, ukuguquguquka, nokuhambisana nezinye izinto ezisetshenziswa enqubweni yomhlangano we-PCB zidinga ukucatshangelwa lapho kukhethwa into yokunamathela.
Ngemuva kokuthi i-adhesive isetshenziswe, ifilimu eguquguqukayo ingaphinde icutshungulwe izendlalelo ezilandelayo, njengokwengeza i-foil yethusi njengemikhondo ye-conductive, ukwengeza izendlalelo ze-dielectric noma izingxenye zokuxhuma. Izinto ezinamathelayo zisebenza njengeglu kuyo yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza ukuze kwakhiwe isakhiwo sama-PCB esizinzile nesithembekile.
4. Ukugqoka kwethusi:
Ngemuva kokulungisa i-substrate, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukufaka ungqimba lwethusi. Lokhu kufinyelelwa ngokufaka i-laminating i-foil yethusi kwifilimu eguquguqukayo usebenzisa ukushisa nokucindezela. Isendlalelo sethusi sisebenza njengendlela yokuqondisa yamasignali kagesi ngaphakathi kwe-PCB eguquguqukayo.
Ugqinsi nekhwalithi yongqimba lwethusi yizici ezibalulekile ekunqumeni ukusebenza nokuqina kwe-PCB eguquguqukayo. Ubukhulu ngokuvamile bulinganiswa ngama-ounces ngonyawo lwesikwele (oz/ft²), ngezinketho ezisukela ku-0.5 oz/ft² ukuya ku-4 oz/ft². Ukukhethwa kokuqina kwethusi kuncike ezidingweni zomklamo wesifunda kanye nokusebenza kukagesi okufunayo.
Izendlalelo zethusi eziwugqinsi zinikeza ukumelana okuphansi nekhono elingcono lokuthwala okwamanje, okuzenza zifanelekele izinhlelo zokusebenza zamandla aphezulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izendlalelo zethusi ezincanyana zinikeza ukuguquguquka futhi zikhethwa ezinhlelweni ezidinga ukugoba noma ukuguquguquka kwesekethe ephrintiwe.
Ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yongqimba lwethusi nakho kubalulekile, njengoba noma yikuphi ukukhubazeka noma ukungcola kungathinta ukusebenza kukagesi nokuthembeka kwe-flex board PCB. Ukucatshangelwa kwekhwalithi evamile kuhlanganisa ukufana kogqinsi lwezendlalelo zethusi, ukungabi khona kwamaphinifa noma ama-voids, nokunamathela okufanele ku-substrate. Ukuqinisekisa lezi zici zekhwalithi kungasiza ukuzuza ukusebenza okungcono kakhulu nokuphila isikhathi eside kwe-flexible PCB yakho.
5. Iphethini yesiyingi:
Kulesi sigaba, iphethini yesekethe efunekayo yenziwa ngokukhipha ithusi eliningi kusetshenziswa i-chemical etchant. I-Photoresist isetshenziswa endaweni yethusi, ilandelwa ukuchayeka kwe-UV nokuthuthuka. Inqubo yokufaka isusa ithusi elingafuneki, ishiya imikhondo yesifunda oyifunayo, amaphedi, nama-vias.
Nansi incazelo enemininingwane eyengeziwe yenqubo:
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-photoresist:
Ungqimba oluncane lwempahla ye-photosensitive (ebizwa nge-photoresist) isetshenziswa endaweni yethusi. Ama-Photoresists ngokuvamile ambozwa kusetshenziswa inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-spin coating, lapho i-substrate izungeziswa ngesivinini esiphezulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunamathela okufanayo.
Ukuchayeka ekukhanyeni kwe-UV:
I-photomask equkethe iphethini yesekethe efiselekayo ibekwa endaweni yethusi eboshwe nge-photoresist. I-substrate ibe isichayeka ekukhanyeni kwe-ultraviolet (UV). Ukukhanya kwe-UV kudlula ezindaweni ezisobala ze-photomask ngenkathi kuvinjwe izindawo ezikhanyayo. Ukuchayeka ekukhanyeni kwe-UV kushintsha ngokukhetha izici zamakhemikhali ze-photoresist, kuye ngokuthi ingabe ukumelana nethoni ephozithivu noma okunegethivu.
Ukuthuthukisa:
Ngemuva kokuchayeka ekukhanyeni kwe-UV, i-photoresist ithuthukiswa kusetshenziswa isixazululo samakhemikhali. Ama-photoresists ethoni enhle ayancibilika konjiniyela, kuyilapho ama-photoresist ethoni engalungile engancibiliki. Le nqubo isusa i-photoresist engadingeki endaweni yethusi, ishiya iphethini yesifunda oyifunayo.
I-Etching:
Uma i-photoresist esele ichaza iphethini yesifunda, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukucisha ithusi eliningi. Ikhemikhali etchant (imvamisa iyisisombululo esimuncu) isetshenziselwa ukuncibilikisa izindawo zethusi eziveziwe. I-etchant isusa ithusi futhi ishiye imikhondo, amaphedi kanye nama-vias achazwe i-photoresist.
Ukususwa kwe-Photoresist:
Ngemuva kokufakwa, i-photoresist esele iyasuswa ku-PCB eguquguqukayo. Lesi sinyathelo ngokuvamile senziwa kusetshenziswa isixazululo sokuhlubula esincibilikisa i-photoresist, kushiye iphethini yesekethe yethusi kuphela.
Ukuhlola Nokulawula Ikhwalithi:
Okokugcina, ibhodi lesifunda eliphrintiwe eliguquguqukayo lihlolwa ngokucophelela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba kwephethini yesifunda futhi libone noma yikuphi ukukhubazeka. Lesi isinyathelo esibalulekile sokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi nokuthembeka kwama-PCB aguquguqukayo.
Ngokwenza lezi zinyathelo, iphethini yesifunda oyifunayo yenziwa ngempumelelo ku-PCB eguquguqukayo, ibeka isisekelo sesigaba esilandelayo sokuhlanganisa nokukhiqiza.
6. Imaski ye-solder nokuphrinta isikrini:
Imaski ye-solder isetshenziselwa ukuvikela ama-circuits nokuvimbela amabhuloho e-solder ngesikhathi somhlangano. Bese iphrintwa isikrini ukuze kwengezwe amalebula adingekayo, amalogo kanye namadizayina ezingxenye ukuze enze umsebenzi owengeziwe nezinjongo zokuhlonza.
Okulandelayo inqubo yokwethulwa kwemaski ye-solder nokuphrinta kwesikrini:
Imaski yeSolder:
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Solder Mask:
Imaski ye-Solder iyisendlalelo sokuvikela esisetshenziswa kusekethe yethusi eveziwe ku-PCB eguquguqukayo. Ngokuvamile isetshenziswa kusetshenziswa inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi ukuphrinta kwesikrini. Uyinki wemaski osodayo, ngokuvamile oluhlaza ngombala, uphrintwa isikrini ku-PCB futhi umboza iminonjana yethusi, amaphedi nama-vias, okuveza kuphela izindawo ezidingekayo.
Ukwelapha nokomisa:
Ngemuva kokuthi i-solder mask isetshenziswe, i-PCB eguquguqukayo izodlula inqubo yokwelapha nokomisa. I-PCB ye-elekthronikhi ivamise ukudlula kuhhavini wokuthutha lapho imaski ye-solder ishiselwa khona ukuze yelashwe futhi iqine. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi imaski ye-solder inikeza ukuvikeleka okusebenzayo kanye nokufakwa kwe-circuit.
Izindawo ze-Pad ezivulekile:
Kwezinye izimo, izindawo ezithile ze-mask ye-solder zishiywa zivulekile ukuze ziveze amaphedi ethusi ukuze kuhlanganiswe ingxenye. Lezi zindawo zamaphedi zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi yi-Solder Mask Open (SMO) noma i-Solder Mask Defined (SMD) pads. Lokhu kuvumela ukusoda kalula futhi kuqinisekisa ukuxhumana okuphephile phakathi kwengxenye nebhodi lesifunda le-PCB.
ukuphrinta kwesikrini:
Ukulungiswa komsebenzi wobuciko:
Ngaphambi kokuphrinta kwesikrini, dala umsebenzi wobuciko ohlanganisa amalebula, amalogo, nezinkomba zengxenye ezidingekayo ebhodini le-PCB eguqukayo. Lo msebenzi wobuciko ngokuvamile wenziwa kusetshenziswa isofthiwe ye-computer-aid design (CAD).
Ukulungiswa kwesikrini:
Sebenzisa umsebenzi wobuciko ukuze udale izifanekiso noma izikrini. Izindawo ezidinga ukuphrintwa zihlala zivulekile kuyilapho ezinye zivalekile. Lokhu ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngokumboza isikrini nge-emulsion ezwelayo nokusibeka emisebeni ye-UV kusetshenziswa umsebenzi wobuciko.
Isicelo sikayinki:
Ngemva kokulungisa isikrini, sebenzisa uyinki esikrinini futhi usebenzise i-squeegee ukuze usakaze uyinki ezindaweni ezivulekile. Uyinki udlula endaweni evulekile bese ufakwa kumaski othengisa izinto, wengeze amalebula afunekayo, amalogo kanye nezinkomba zezingxenye.
Ukomisa nokwelapha:
Ngemuva kokuphrinta isikrini, i-PCB eguquguqukayo idlula enqubweni yokomisa neyokwelapha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi uyinki unamathela kahle endaweni yemaski ye-solder. Lokhu kungafezwa ngokuvumela ukuthi uyinki wome noma usebenzise ukushisa noma ukukhanya kwe-UV ukuze kwelaphe futhi kuqinise uyinki.
Inhlanganisela ye-soldermask ne-silkscreen inikeza ukuvikeleka kokujikeleza futhi yengeza isici sobunikazi obubonakalayo ukuze kube lula ukuhlanganisa nokuhlonza izingxenye ku-flexible PCB.
7. Umhlangano we-SMT PCBYezingxenye:
Esigabeni sokuhlanganisa izingxenye, izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi ziyabekwa bese zidayiswa ebhodini lesifunda eliphrintiwe elivumelana nezimo. Lokhu kungenziwa ngezinqubo ezenziwa ngesandla noma ezizenzakalelayo, kuye ngesilinganiso sokukhiqiza. Ukubekwa kwengxenye kucatshangelwe ngokucophelela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle nokunciphisa ingcindezi ku-flexible PCB.
Okulandelayo yizinyathelo eziyinhloko ezihilelekile ekuhlanganiseni ingxenye:
Ukukhetha ingxenye:
Khetha izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi ezifanele ngokuya ngedizayini yesekethe kanye nezidingo zokusebenza. Lezi zakhi zingabandakanya ama-resistors, ama-capacitor, ama-circuits ahlanganisiwe, izixhumi, nokunye okunjalo.
Ukulungiswa kwengxenye:
Ingxenye ngayinye ilungiselelwa ukubekwa, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imikhondo noma amaphedi anqunywa kahle, aqondiswe futhi ahlanzwe (uma kunesidingo). Izingxenye zokukhweza ngaphezulu zingafika ziyi-reel noma ifomu lethreyi, kuyilapho izingxenye zembobo zingafika ngamaphakheji amaningi.
Ukubekwa kwengxenye:
Kuye ngesilinganiso sokukhiqiza, izingxenye zibekwe ku-PCB eguquguqukayo ngesandla noma kusetshenziswa okokusebenza okuzenzakalelayo. Ukubekwa kwengxenye okuzenzakalelayo ngokuvamile kwenziwa kusetshenziswa umshini wokukhetha nendawo, obeka ngokuqondile izingxenye kumaphedi alungile noma unamathisele i-solder ku-PCB eguquguqukayo.
I-Soldering:
Uma izingxenye sezikhona, kwenziwa inqubo yokuhlanganisa ukuze kunamathiselwe unomphela izingxenye ku-flexible PCB. Lokhu kuvamise ukwenziwa kusetshenziswa i-reflow soldering yezingxenye zokukhweza ngaphezulu kanye ne-wave noma i-solder yesandla ngokusebenzisa izingxenye zembobo.
I-Reflow Soldering:
Ekufakweni kwe-reflow soldering, yonke i-PCB ishiselwa ezingeni lokushisa elithile kusetshenziswa i-oven yokugeleza kabusha noma indlela efanayo. I-solder paste esetshenziswa kuphedi efanelekile iyancibilika futhi idale isibopho phakathi kwengxenye yokuhola nephedi ye-PCB, idale uxhumo oluqinile lukagesi nolwemishini.
I-Wave Soldering:
Ezingxenyeni zomgodi, i-wave soldering ivame ukusetshenziswa. Ibhodi lesifunda eliphrintiwe eliguquguqukayo lidlula igagasi le-solder elincibilikisiwe, elimanzisa imikhondo eveziwe futhi lenze ukuxhumana phakathi kwengxenye nebhodi lesifunda eliphrintiwe.
I-Hand Soldering:
Kwezinye izimo, ezinye izingxenye zingadinga ukufakwa ngesandla. Uchwepheshe onekhono usebenzisa insimbi yokunamathisela ukuze enze amajoyinti e-solder phakathi kwezingxenye kanye ne-PCB eguquguqukayo. Ukuhlola Nokuhlola:
Ngemva kokudayiswa, i-flexible PCB ehlanganisiwe iyahlolwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi zonke izingxenye zithengiswa ngendlela efanele futhi azikho iziphambeko ezifana namabhuloho e-solder, ama-circuits avulekile, noma izingxenye ezingalungile. Ukuhlolwa okusebenzayo kungenziwa futhi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okulungile kwesekethe ehlanganisiwe.
8. Ukuhlola nokuhlola:
Ukuqinisekisa ukwethembeka nokusebenza kwama-PCB aguquguqukayo, ukuhlolwa nokuhlolwa kubalulekile. Amasu ahlukahlukene afana ne-Automated Optical Inspection (AOI) kanye ne-In-Circuit Testing (ICT) asiza ekuhlonzeni okungaba khona ukukhubazeka, izikhindi noma okuvulayo. Lesi sinyathelo siqinisekisa ukuthi ama-PCB ekhwalithi ephezulu kuphela angena kunqubo yokukhiqiza.
Amasu alandelayo asetshenziswa kakhulu kulesi sigaba:
Ukuhlola Okuzenzakalelayo Kwamehlo (AOI):
Amasistimu e-AOI asebenzisa amakhamera nama-algorithms okucubungula izithombe ukuze ahlole ama-PCB aguquguqukayo ukuze athole iziphambeko. Bangakwazi ukubona izinkinga ezinjengokungalungi kahle kwengxenye, izakhi ezingekho, ukukhubazeka okuhlanganyelwe kwe-solder njengamabhuloho e-solder noma i-solder enganele, nokunye ukonakala okubonakalayo. I-AOI iyindlela yokuhlola ye-PCB esheshayo nesebenzayo.
Ukuhlolwa Kwesekethe (ICT):
I-ICT isetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukuxhumana kukagesi nokusebenza kwama-PCB aguquguqukayo. Lokhu kuhlola kuhilela ukusebenzisa ama-test probe kumaphoyinti athile ku-PCB kanye nokulinganisa amapharamitha kagesi ukuze uhlole izikhindi, ama-opens kanye nokusebenza kwengxenye. I-ICT ivame ukusetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni ivolumu ephezulu ukukhomba ngokushesha noma yimaphi amaphutha kagesi.
Ukuhlola okusebenzayo:
Ngokungeziwe ku-ICT, ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kungenziwa futhi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi i-flexible PCB ehlanganisiwe yenza umsebenzi wayo ohlosiwe ngendlela efanele. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukusebenzisa amandla ku-PCB kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuphuma kwesekethe kanye nempendulo kusetshenziswa okokusebenza kokuhlola noma uhlobo lokuhlola oluzinikele.
Ukuhlolwa kukagesi kanye nokuhlola ukuqhubeka:
Ukuhlolwa kukagesi kuhilela ukulinganisa amapharamitha kagesi afana nokumelana, amandla, kanye ne-voltage ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuxhunywa kukagesi okufanele ku-flex PCB. Ukuhlola ukuqhubeka kuhlola ukuvuleka noma izikhindi ezingase zithinte ukusebenza kwe-PCB.
Ngokusebenzisa lezi zindlela zokuhlola nokuhlola, abakhiqizi bangakwazi ukuhlonza futhi balungise noma yikuphi ukukhubazeka noma ukwehluleka kuma-PCB aguquguqukayo ngaphambi kokungena enqubweni yokukhiqiza. Lokhu kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ama-PCB ekhwalithi ephezulu kuphela alethwa kumakhasimende, ukuthuthukisa ukwethembeka nokusebenza.
9. Ukubunjwa nokupakishwa:
Uma ibhodi lesifunda eliphrintiwe eliguquguqukayo seliphumelele isigaba sokuhlola nokuhlola, lidlula inqubo yokugcina yokuhlanza ukuze lisuse noma iyiphi insalela noma ukungcola. I-flexible PCB ibe isisikwa ibe amayunithi ngamanye, alungele ukupakishwa. Ukupakishwa okufanele kubalulekile ukuze kuvikelwe i-PCB ngesikhathi sokuthunyelwa nokuphathwa.
Nawa amaphuzu abalulekile okufanele uwacabangele:
Ukupakishwa kwe-Anti-static:
Njengoba ama-PCB aguquguqukayo esengozini yokulimala ngenxa yokukhishwa kwe-electrostatic discharge (ESD), kufanele apakishwe ngezinto ezilwa nokuqina. Izikhwama ze-Antistatic noma amathreyi enziwe ngezinto zokuqhuba zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuvikela ama-PCB kugesi ongashintshi. Lezi zinto zivimbela ukwakheka nokukhishwa kwezindleko ezimile ezingalimaza izingxenye noma amasekhethi ku-PCB.
Ukuvikelwa Komswakama:
Umswakama ungaphazamisa ukusebenza kwama-PCB aguquguqukayo, ikakhulukazi uma eveze izinsalela zensimbi noma izingxenye ezizwela umswakama. Izinto zokupakisha ezinikeza umgoqo womswakama, njengezikhwama zokuvimbela umswakama noma amaphakethe we-desiccant, zisiza ukuvimbela ukungena komswakama ngesikhathi sokuthutha noma ukugcinwa.
Ukumuncwa kwe-Cushion kanye nokushaqeka:
Ama-PCB aguqukayo athambile futhi angonakaliswa kalula ukuphatha kabi, umthelela noma ukudlidliza ngesikhathi sokuthutha. Izinto zokupakisha ezifana nokugoqwa kwebhamuza, okokufaka igwebu, noma imicu yegwebu kunganikeza ukugoqa nokumuncwa kokushaqeka ukuvikela i-PCB kulowo monakalo ongaba khona.
Ukulebula Okufanelekile:
Kubalulekile ukuba nolwazi olufanele njengegama lomkhiqizo, ubungako, usuku okhiqizwe ngalo nanoma yimiphi imiyalelo yokuphatha ephaketheni. Lokhu kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuhlonza okufanele, ukuphathwa nokugcinwa kwama-PCB.
Ukupakisha okuvikelekile:
Ukuze uvimbele noma yikuphi ukunyakaza noma ukususwa kwama-PCB ngaphakathi kwephakheji ngesikhathi sokuthunyelwa, kufanele avikelwe ngokufanelekile. Izinto zokupakisha zangaphakathi ezifana netheyiphu, izihlukanisi, noma okunye ukulungiswa kungasiza ukubamba i-PCB endaweni futhi kuvimbele ukulimala ekunyakazeni.
Ngokulandela lezi zinqubo zokupakisha, abakhiqizi bangaqinisekisa ukuthi ama-PCB avumelana nezimo avikelwe kahle futhi afika lapho aya khona esesimweni esiphephile nesiphelele, elungele ukufakwa noma ukuhlanganiswa okwengeziwe.
10. Ukulawulwa Kwekhwalithi Nokuthunyelwa Kwemikhumbi:
Ngaphambi kokuthumela ama-PCB aguqukayo kumakhasimende noma ezimbonini zokuhlanganisa, sisebenzisa izinyathelo eziqinile zokulawula ikhwalithi ukuze siqinisekise ukuthobelana nezindinganiso zomkhakha. Lokhu kuhlanganisa imibhalo eningi, ukulandeleka kanye nokuhambisana nezidingo eziqondene nekhasimende. Ukubambelela kulezi zinqubo zokulawula ikhwalithi kuqinisekisa ukuthi amakhasimende athola ama-PCB athembekile naguquguqukayo ekhwalithi ephezulu.
Nansi eminye imininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana nokulawulwa kwekhwalithi nokuthunyelwa:
Amadokhumenti:
Sigcina imibhalo ephelele kuyo yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza, okuhlanganisa yonke imininingwane, amafayela okuklama namarekhodi okuhlola. La madokhumenti aqinisekisa ukulandeleka futhi asenza sikwazi ukuhlonza noma yiziphi izinkinga noma ukuchezuka okungenzeka kwenzeke ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza.
Ukulandeleka:
I-PCB ngayinye eguquguqukayo inikezwe isihlonzi esiyingqayizivele, esisivumela ukuthi silandelele lonke uhambo lwayo ukusuka kokungavuthiwe kuya ekuthunyelweni kokugcina. Lokhu kulandelelwa kuqinisekisa ukuthi noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingase zibe khona zingaxazululwa ngokushesha futhi zihlukaniswe. Futhi kusiza ukukhunjulwa komkhiqizo noma uphenyo uma kunesidingo.
Ukuhambisana nezidingo eziqondene nekhasimende:
Sisebenza ngenkuthalo namakhasimende ethu ukuze siqonde izidingo zawo ezihlukile futhi siqinisekise ukuthi izinqubo zethu zokulawula ikhwalithi zihlangabezana nezimfuneko zawo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa izici ezifana namazinga athile okusebenza, izidingo zokupakisha nokulebula, nanoma yiziphi izitifiketi noma amazinga adingekayo.
Ukuhlola Nokuhlola:
Senza ukuhlola nokuhlola okuphelele kuzo zonke izigaba zenqubo yokukhiqiza ukuze siqinisekise ikhwalithi nokusebenza kwamabhodi esekethe aphrintiwe aguquguqukayo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlola okubonakalayo, ukuhlolwa kukagesi nezinye izinyathelo ezikhethekile zokuthola noma yikuphi ukukhubazeka okufana nokuvula, izikhindi noma izinkinga zokubethela.
Ukupakisha Nokuthumela:
Uma ama-flexible PCB esephumelele zonke izinyathelo zokulawula ikhwalithi, siyawapakisha ngokucophelela sisebenzisa izinto ezifanele, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili. Siphinde siqinisekise ukuthi ukupakishwa kubhalwe ngokufanelekile ngolwazi olufanele ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphathwa ngendlela efanele futhi kuvinjwe noma yikuphi ukuphathwa kabi noma ukudideka ngesikhathi sokuthunyelwa.
Izindlela Zokuthumela Nozakwethu:
Sisebenza nozakwethu bemikhumbi abahlonishwayo abanolwazi lokuphatha izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi ezibucayi. Sikhetha indlela yokuthumela efaneleke kakhulu ngokusekelwe ezintweni ezifana nesivinini, izindleko nendawo oya kuyo. Ukwengeza, silandelela futhi siqaphe ukuthunyelwa ukuze siqinisekise ukuthi kulethwa ngesikhathi esilindelekile.
Ngokunamathela ngokuqinile kulezi zinyathelo zokulawula ikhwalithi, singaqinisekisa ukuthi amakhasimende ethu athola i-PCB eguquguqukayo esezingeni eliphakeme nethembekile ehlangabezana nezidingo zabo.
Ngokufigqiwe,ukuqonda inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-PCB eguquguqukayo kubalulekile kubo bobabili abakhiqizi nabasebenzisi bokugcina. Ngokulandela ukuklama okucophelelayo, ukukhethwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo, ukulungiswa kwe-substrate, iphethini yesifunda, ukuhlanganisa, ukuhlola, nezindlela zokupakisha, abakhiqizi bangakhiqiza ama-PCB aguquguqukayo ahlangabezana nezindinganiso eziphakeme kakhulu. Njengengxenye ebalulekile yemishini kagesi yesimanje, amabhodi esekethe aguquguqukayo angakhuthaza ukuqamba okusha futhi alethe ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-18-2023
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