Izitifiketi Zemvelo Zokukhiqiza I-PCB Eqinile-Eguquguqukayo

Isingeniso

Kule bhulogi, sizohlola imithetho esemqoka yezemvelo kanye nezitifiketi ezisebenza ekwenziweni kwe-PCB eguquguqukayo, sigqamisa ukubaluleka kwayo nezinzuzo.

Emhlabeni wokukhiqiza, ukuqaphela imvelo kubalulekile. Lokhu kusebenza kuzo zonke izimboni, okuhlanganisa ukukhiqiza ibhodi lesifunda eliphrintiwe eliqinile. Ukuqonda nokubambelela emithethweni yezemvelo kanye nezitifiketi kubalulekile emabhizinisini afuna ukuhlinzeka ngemikhiqizo yekhwalithi ephezulu kuyilapho enciphisa umthelela wawo endaweni ezungezile.

1. Imithethonqubo yezemvelo yokukhiqiza ibhodi eliqinile

Ukwenziwa kwe-Rigid-flex kuhilela ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezihlukahlukene namakhemikhali, njengethusi, ama-epoxies, nama-fluxes. Ukuqonda nokuhambisana nemithethonqubo yezemvelo kubalulekile ukuze kuncishiswe umthelela omubi walezi zinto emvelweni. Eminye imithetho ebalulekile kule ndawo ihlanganisa:

a) Umkhawulo Wezinto Eziyingozi (RoHS):I-RoHS ikhawulela ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezifana nomthofu, i-mercury, i-cadmium nezinye izinto ezibuyiswa ngamalangabi e-brominated emikhiqizweni ye-elekthronikhi (kuhlanganise nama-PCB). Ukuthobela i-RoHS kuqinisekisa ukuncishiswa kwezinto eziyingozi kuma-PCB aguquguqukayo futhi kuqede ubungozi obungaba khona bezempilo nemvelo.

b) Isiqondiso Sezinto Zokusebenza zikagesi neze-elekthronikhi (WEEE):I-WEEE Directive ihlose ukunciphisa imfucuza ye-elekthronikhi ngokukhuthaza ukugaywa kabusha nokulahlwa okufanele kwezinto zikagesi neze-elekthronikhi ekupheleni komjikelezo wayo wokuphila. Abakhiqizi be-Rigid-flex banomthwalo wemfanelo wokuqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo yabo ithobela lo myalelo, okuvumela ukuphathwa kwemfucuza okufanele.

c) Ukubhaliswa, Ukuhlola, Ukugunyazwa kanye Nokuvinjelwa Kwamakhemikhali (REACH):I-REACH ilawula ukusetshenziswa kanye nokuvezwa kwezinto zamakhemikhali ukuze kuvikelwe impilo yabantu kanye nemvelo. Abakhiqizi be-Rigid-flex kumele baqinisekise ukuthi amakhemikhali asetshenziswa ezinqubweni zabo ahambisana namazinga e-REACH futhi akhuthaze izindlela zokukhiqiza ezizinzile.

2. Isitifiketi Sokukhiqiza Esibhekele Imvelo

Ngaphezu kokuhambisana nemithethonqubo, ukuzuza isitifiketi sokukhiqiza esibhekelela imvelo kuwubufakazi bokuzibophezela kwenkampani emikhubeni eqhubekayo. Ezinye izitifiketi eziphawulekayo zihlanganisa:

a) I-ISO 14001: Lesi sitifiketi sisekelwe eqoqweni lamazinga wamazwe ngamazwe aveza izidingo zohlelo olusebenzayo lokuphatha imvelo.Ukuthola isitifiketi se-ISO 14001 kukhombisa ukuzibophezela kwenkampani ekunciphiseni umthelela wayo endaweni ezungezile ngokusebenza kahle kwezinsiza, ukunciphisa imfucuza kanye nokuvimbela ukungcoliswa kwemvelo.

b) I-UL 94: I-UL 94 iyindinganiso eyaziwa kabanzi yokuvutha kwezinto zepulasitiki ezisetshenziswa emisebenzini ehlukahlukene.Ukuthola isitifiketi se-UL 94 kuqinisekisa ukuthi izinto ezisetshenziswa kumabhodi aqinile-flex zihlangabezana nezidingo ezithile zokuphepha emlilweni, ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha komkhiqizo jikelele kanye nokunciphisa izingozi zomlilo.

c) I-IPC-4101: Ukucaciswa kwe-IPC-4101 kucacisa izidingo nezindlela zokuhlola zama-substrates asetshenziswa ekwenzeni amabhodi aqinile aphrintiwe.Ukuthobela i-IPC-4101 kuqinisekisa ukuthi ama-substrates asetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni i-PCB eguquguqukayo ahlangabezana nezindinganiso zomkhakha, okusiza ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi nokuthembeka komkhiqizo wokugcina.

3. Izinzuzo zemithethonqubo yezemvelo kanye nesitifiketi

Ukuhambisana nemithetho yezemvelo kanye nokuthola isitifiketi sokukhiqiza i-PCB eguquguqukayo kunikeza izinzuzo eziningi. Lokhu kubandakanya:

a) Isithunzi esithuthukisiwe:Izinkampani ezibeka phambili isibopho sezemvelo zithola idumela elihle phakathi kwamakhasimende, ozakwethu, nababambiqhaza. Imithethonqubo yezemvelo kanye nezitifiketi zibonisa ukuzibophezela ezenzweni ezisimeme, eziheha amakhasimende aqaphela imvelo.

b) Ukwanda kokusimama:Ngokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinto eziyingozi, ukukhuthaza ukugaywa kabusha kanye nokunciphisa ukuphehlwa kwemfucuza, abakhiqizi abaguquguqukayo bafaka isandla ekuzinzeni okuphelele kwemboni yezogesi. Lezi zinqubo zisiza ukonga izinsiza futhi zinciphise ukungcoliswa kwemvelo.

c) Ukuthobelana Nomthetho:Ukuthobelana nemithetho yezemvelo kuqinisekisa ukuthi abakhiqizi be-PCB abaguquguqukayo bagcina ukuthobela umthetho futhi bagwema izinhlawulo, izinhlawulo noma izinkinga zomthetho ezingaba khona ezihlobene nokungathobeli.

Isiphetho

Kafushane, ukuqonda nokuhambisana nemithetho yezemvelo kanye nezitifiketi kubalulekile kubakhiqizi abaguquguqukayo. Ukuhambisana nemithethonqubo efana ne-RoHS, i-WEEE ne-REACH kuqinisekisa ukuncishiswa kwezinto eziyingozi futhi kukhuthaza izinqubo ezisimeme zokukhiqiza. Ukuthola izitifiketi ezifana ne-ISO 14001, UL 94 kanye ne-IPC-4101 kubonisa ukuzibophezela kwenkampani ekuzibophezeleni kwezemvelo futhi kunikeza isiqinisekiso sekhwalithi nokuphepha komkhiqizo. Ngokubeka phambili ukuqwashisa ngemvelo, izinkampani zingafaka isandla ekusaseni eliluhlaza, elisimeme lokukhiqiza izinto zikagesi.