Izinkinga Ezivamile Ekuhlanganisweni Kwebhodi Lesifunda (2)

Yethula:

Ukushisela ibhodi lesifunda kuyinqubo ebalulekile embonini yokukhiqiza izinto zikagesi, eqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle nokuthembeka kwemishini kagesi. Nokho, njenganoma iyiphi inqubo yokukhiqiza, ayinazo izinselele zayo.Kule bhulogi, sizongena sijule ezinkingeni ezivame kakhulu ezenzeka lapho kuhlanganiswa amabhodi esekethe futhi sihlole izixazululo ezisebenzayo zokuzinqoba.

1. PCB board short circuit:

Enye yezinkinga ezivame kakhulu ekuhlanganisweni kwebhodi lesifunda ama-circuits amafushane. Isifunda esifushane senzeka lapho i-current ithatha indlela engahlosiwe ngenxa yokuxhumana okuphansi kokumelana phakathi kwamaphoyinti amabili kusekethe. Lokhu kungabangelwa izici ezihlukahlukene, njengamabhuloho e-solder, imfucumfucu elahlekile, noma amaphutha edizayini.

Isixazululo:

Ukuze ugweme ama-circuits amafushane, kubalulekile ukuhlola ngokucophelela futhi uhlole ibhodi ngemuva kwenqubo ye-soldering. Ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-automated optical inspection (AOI) kungasiza kakhulu ukukhomba izinkinga ezingaba khona zesekethe emfushane. Ukwengeza, ukusebenzisa amathuluzi okunamathisela okunembayo, njengensimbi yokunamathisela enokulawula izinga lokushisa, kungasiza ekuvimbeleni i-solder eyeqile ekwenzeni ukuxhumana okungahlosiwe.

2. Okuthintana nabo okumnyama nokuluhlaza:

Okuthintana naye okumnyama nokusanhlamvu endaweni ye-PCB kungase kubonise ukuxhunywa kwe-solder okubi. Le nkinga ivame ukubangelwa ukudluliswa kokushisa okunganele phakathi nenqubo ye-solder, okuholela ekumanziseni okungaphelele kwe-solder joint.

Isixazululo:

Ukuze uthole ukumanzisa okufanele futhi uvimbele ukuthintana okumnyama, okusanhlamvu, imingcele yokushisela kufanele yenziwe kahle. Qinisekisa ukuthi ithiphu lensimbi yokunamathisela lihlanzekile, lifakwe ithini, futhi lisezingeni lokushisa elifanele. Ukwengeza, ukusebenzisa i-flux ngesikhathi se-soldering kungathuthukisa ukugeleza kwe-solder futhi kuthuthukise ukwakheka okuhlangene. I-Flux isiza ukususa ama-oxide nokungcola endaweni yensimbi, ikhuthaze ukumanzisa okungcono namajoyinti e-solder aqinile.

3. Amalunga e-PCB aphenduka abephuzi osagolide:

Lapho amalunga e-solder endaweni ye-PCB ephenduka aphuzi ngokusagolide, kubonisa ukuthi kunezinkinga ezifana nokubunjwa kwe-alloy engalungile ye-solder noma ubuchwepheshe bokunamathisela obungalungile. Lolu daba lungase lubeke engcupheni ubuqotho nokwethembeka kwebhodi lesifunda.

Isixazululo:

Ukusebenzisa i-solder alloy efanele kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ubude bebhodi lesifunda sakho. Hlala unamathela ekwakhiweni kwengxube ye-solder ejwayelekile futhi ugweme ukusebenzisa izinto ezisezingeni eliphansi noma ezingaqinisekisiwe. Ukwengeza, ukugcina izinga lokushisa elifanele le-solder kanye nokusebenzisa izindlela ezifanele zokuhlanganisa, okuhlanganisa ukushisa kuqala i-PCB nokusebenzisa inani elifanele le-solder, kungasiza ekufinyeleleni amajoyinti e-solder egolide aphezulu.

4. Umthelela wemvelo kumaphutha ebhodi lesekethe:

Imvelo lapho amabhodi wesifunda adayiswa khona nayo ingathinta kakhulu ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo wokugcina. Izinto ezinjengomswakama, ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa, nokungcola komoya kungabangela amaphutha ahlukahlukene kumabhodi esekethe.

Isixazululo:

Ukuze kuncishiswe umthelela wezemvelo kumaphutha ebhodi lesekethe, kubalulekile ukusungula indawo yokukhiqiza elawulwayo. Ukulimala okudalwe ugesi omile kungavinjelwa ngokusebenzisa izinyathelo ezifanele ze-ESD (electrostatic discharge), njengokusebenzisa indawo yokusebenza ephephile ye-ESD nokugqoka amagiya okuvikela. Ukwengeza, ukugcina amazinga okushisa afanelekile kanye nomswakama ezindaweni zokukhiqiza kusiza ukuvimbela izinkinga ezifana nokukhubazeka kokushisela kanye nokuwohloka kwezinto.

Ekuphetheni:

I-circuit board soldering iyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi edinga ukunemba nokunaka imininingwane.Ngokuxazulula izinkinga ezivamile ezivame ukuvela phakathi nale nqubo, abakhiqizi bangaqinisekisa ukukhiqizwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu, amadivaysi kagesi athembekile. Ukusebenzisa izixazululo okuxoxwe ngazo kule bhulogi, njengamasu okuhlola aphumelelayo, imingcele yokudayiswa elungiselelwe, nezimo zemvelo ezilawulwayo, kungathuthukisa kakhulu ikhwalithi yonke yebhodi lesifunda.