I-Case Study ye-2 Layer Flexible PCB In Automotive Lighting Ngu-Capel

Lesi sihloko sethula ubuchwepheshe be-PCB obunezingqimba ezi-2 kanye nokusebenzisa kwabo okusha ekukhanyisweni kwezimoto kwe-LED okusezingeni eliphezulu.Ukuchazwa okuningiliziwe kwesakhiwo sesitaki se-PCB, ukwakheka kwesekethe, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene, izinhlelo zokusebenza ezibalulekile zemboni kanye nezinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe ezithize, okuhlanganisa ububanzi bomugqa, isikhala somugqa, ukushuba kwebhodi, indawo encane yokuvula indawo, ukuphathwa kwendawo, ukulawula usayizi, inhlanganisela yezinto ezibonakalayo, njll. Lezi zindlela ezintsha zobuchwepheshe. balethe ingcebo yamathuba okuklama nokuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kwezibani zemoto ezisezingeni eliphezulu, futhi kuthuthukise kakhulu ukusebenza, ukwethembeka, ukuguquguquka kanye nepulasitiki yezinhlelo zokukhanyisa izimoto.

I-2-Layer Flexible PCB: Luhlobo luni lobuchwepheshe?

I-2-layer flexible PCB ubuchwepheshe bebhodi lesifunda obusebenzisa i-substrate eguquguqukayo kanye nobuchwepheshe bokushisela obukhethekile ukuze ibhodi lesifunda likwazi ukugoba nokugoqa.Yenziwe ngezingqimba ezimbili zezinto eziguquguqukayo, ezine-foil yethusi ezinhlangothini zombili ze-substrate ukuze zenze isifunda, inikeze ibhodi izingqimba ezimbili zokujikeleza kanye nekhono lokugoba nokugoqa.Ubuchwepheshe bufanele izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho isikhala silinganiselwe futhi ukufakwa okuvumelana nezimo kuyadingeka, njengamadivayisi ezokwelapha, ama-smartphone, izinto ezigqokwayo nezinhlelo zokusebenza zezimoto.Ukuguquguquka kwayo kanye nokugoba kuvumela imiklamo yomkhiqizo eguquguqukayo ngenkathi kukhulisa ukwethembeka nokuqina.

Siyini isakhiwo esinezingqimba se-PCB enezingqimba ezi-2?

Isakhiwo esinezingqimba se-PCB enezingqimba ezi-2 ngokuvamile siqukethe izendlalelo ezimbili.Isendlalelo sokuqala isendlalelo se-substrate, ngokuvamile esenziwe ngezinto eziguquguqukayo ze-polyimide (PI) ezivumela i-PCB ukuthi igobe futhi isonteke.Isendlalelo sesibili ungqimba lwe-conductor, ngokuvamile ungqimba lwe-copper foil olumboza i-substrate, esetshenziselwa ukudlulisa amasignali wesifunda nokunikeza amandla.Lezi zingqimba ezimbili zivame ukuhlanganiswa ndawonye kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe benqubo ekhethekile ukwakha isakhiwo esinezingqimba se-PCB eguquguqukayo.

Ngabe izendlalelo zesekhethi ze-PCB enezingqimba ezi-2 kufanele zibe yisakhiwo kanjani?

Ukuhlelwa kwesifunda sebhodi lesifunda eliphrintiwe elinezingqimba ezi-2 kufanele kube lula ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi isendlalelo sesignali kanye nongqimba lwamandla kufanele kuhlukaniswe ngangokunokwenzeka.Isendlalelo sesignali sithatha ikakhulukazi imigqa yesignali ehlukahlukene, futhi isendlalelo samandla sisetshenziselwa ukuxhuma izintambo zamandla nezintambo eziphansi.Ukugwema ukuphambana kwemigqa yesignali nezintambo zamandla kunganciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwesignali kanye nokuphazanyiswa yi-electromagnetic.Ukwengeza, ukunakwa kufanele kukhokhwe kubude kanye nesiqondiso sezintambo zesifunda ngesikhathi sokuhlela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukudluliswa kwesignali okuzinzile nokuthembekile.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-PCB enezingqimba ezi-2 eziguquguqukayo?

I-PCB eguquguqukayo yohlangothi olulodwa: iqukethe i-substrate eguquguqukayo yongqimba olulodwa, uhlangothi olulodwa olumbozwe nge-foil yethusi, olufanele izidingo zezintambo zesifunda.I-PCB eguquguqukayo ezinhlangothi zombili: Iqukethe izendlalelo ezimbili zama-substrates aguquguqukayo ane-foil yethusi nhlangothi zombili.Izifunda zingasetshenziswa ezinhlangothini zombili futhi zifanele imiklamo yesekethe eyinkimbinkimbi.I-PCB eguquguqukayo enezindawo eziqinile: Ezinye izinto eziqinile zengezwa ku-substrate eguquguqukayo ukuze kunikeze ukusekelwa okungcono nokulungiswa ezindaweni ezithile, ezifanele imiklamo edinga ukuhambisana kwezingxenye eziguquguqukayo neziqinile.

Yiziphi izinhlelo zokusebenza eziyinhloko ze-PCB enezingqimba ezi-2 ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene emhlabeni jikelele?

Ukuxhumana: kusetshenziswe ekwenzeni omakhalekhukhwini, iziteshi eziyisisekelo zokuxhumana, okokusebenza kwesathelayithi, njll. Izinto zikagesi zezimoto: zisetshenziswa kumayunithi okulawula injini yemoto, amasistimu okuzijabulisa kwezimoto, amadeshibhodi, izinzwa, njll. Imishini yezokwelapha: esetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni ukuqapha kwezokwelapha okokusebenza, okokusebenza kwezithombe zezokwelapha kanye nemishini efakelwayo amathuluzi ezokwelapha.I-Consumer electronics: njengama-smartphones, amathebulethi, amawashi ahlakaniphile, izinto zokudlala eziphathwayo, njll. Ukulawulwa kwemboni: okuhlanganisa okokusebenza okuzenzakalelayo kwemboni, amasistimu wezinzwa nezinsimbi.I-Aerospace: Isetshenziselwa ukwakha ama-electronics emkhathini kanye namasistimu okuzulazula.

Ukuqanjwa okusha kwe-PCB enezingqimba ezi-2 ekukhanyeni kwezimoto kwe-LED ephezulu ekupheleni-icala lokuphumelela kwe-Capel

Ububanzi bomugqa kanye nesikhala somugqa esingu-0.25mm/0.2mm kunikeza inani lezinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe zamalambu ezimoto asezingeni eliphezulu.

Okokuqala, ububanzi bomugqa olungiselelwe kanye nesikhala somugqa kusho ukuminyana okuphezulu komugqa kanye nomzila onembe kakhudlwana, okuvumela ukuhlanganiswa okuphezulu kanye nohlu olubanzi lwemisebenzi, njengemiphumela eyinkimbinkimbi eguqukayo namaphethini ayinkimbinkimbi.Lokhu kunikeza abaklami bokukhanyisa amandla amakhulu okudala okuthuthukisa imiklamo ekhangayo neyingqayizivele.

Okwesibili, ububanzi buka-0.25mm/0.2mm busho ukuthi i-PCB inokuguquguquka okuphakeme nokuzivumelanisa nezimo.I-PCB eguquguqukayo ingakwazi ukuzivumelanisa kalula nezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokukhanya kwemoto nezakhiwo, inikeze amathuba amaningi okuklama.Lokhu kuvumela izibani ukuthi zihlangane kangcono ekubukekeni kwayo yonke imoto, kwengeze ukubukeka kwesitayela nokuhlukile emotweni.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ububanzi bomugqa olungiselelwe kanye nesikhala somugqa kubonisa ukusebenza kwesekethe okuphakeme.Imigqa emincane inganciphisa ukulahlekelwa kokudluliswa kwesignali futhi ithuthukise ukuzinza nokuthembeka kwesistimu yokukhanyisa imoto.Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwesistimu yokukhanyisa, kunikeze izikhathi zokuphendula ngokushesha kanye nokulawula ukukhanya okuthembeke kakhudlwana, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukisa ukuphepha okuphelele kanye nokuba lula.

Ugqinsi lwepuleti elingu-0.2mm +/- 0.03mm lubaluleke kakhulu kwezobuchwepheshe kumalambu emoto asezingeni eliphezulu.

Okokuqala, lo mklamo omncane we-PCB oguquguqukayo unikeza idizayini ecwengisiswe kakhudlwana futhi engasindi, ethatha isikhala esincane phakathi kwesibani sangaphambili futhi ivumela inkululeko enkulu yokudala yokuklama.Futhi kusiza ukukhiqiza idizayini yesibani sangaphambili esilula, sithuthukise umuzwa wobuhle nobuchwepheshe bokubukeka sekukonke.Ukwengeza, i-PCB eguquguqukayo engu-0.2mm inikeza amandla amahle kakhulu okuphatha okushisayo, okubalulekile kumandla aphezulu, izingxenye zokukhanya zezimoto eziningi, ukuvimbela ukuncishiswa kokukhanya ngenxa yokushisa nokwelula impilo yesevisi yengxenye.

Okwesibili, ubukhulu buka-0.2mm +/-0.03mm buthuthukisa ukuguquguquka nokuvumelana nezimo kwe-PCB eguquguqukayo, ivumelane kangcono nemiklamo yokukhanya kwemoto engajwayelekile, ifinyelela imiphumela yokukhanya eguquguqukayo, futhi idala idizayini yangaphandle yemoto yomuntu siqu kanye nobuhle bomkhiqizo.Ithonya elikhulu.

Imbobo encane engu-0.1mm iletha ukuqanjwa okubalulekile kobuchwepheshe kumalambu ezimoto asezingeni eliphezulu.

Okokuqala, izimbobo ezincane ezincane zingakwazi ukufaka izingxenye eziningi nezintambo ku-PCB, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise ubunkimbinkimbi besifunda nokuhlanganiswa okusha, okufana nokufaka ama-LED amalambu amaningi, izinzwa namasekhethi okulawula ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukukhanya okuhlakaniphile, ukulawula ukukhanya nokuqondisa kwe-beam ukuze unike amandla ukuqamba okusha.Thuthukisa ukusebenza kokukhanyisa nokuphepha.

Okwesibili, amasayizi amancane wembobo asho ukujikeleza okunembe kakhudlwana nokuzinza okukhulu.Izimbobo ezincane zinika amandla izintambo eziminyene, ezinembe kakhudlwana, okubalulekile ekuthuthukisweni okuhlakaniphile kwezibani zemoto, njengoba imisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi ngokuvamile idinga ukudluliswa kwedatha ngesivinini esiphezulu kanye nokuphathwa kwesignali okunembayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo encane yokuvula isiza kusiza ukuhlanganiswa okuhlangene kwe-PCB nezinye izingxenye, iqinisekisa ubuhle ngenkathi kulungiselelwa ukusetshenziswa kwendawo yangaphakathi nokusebenza kukonke.

Ukwelashwa kwangaphezulu kwe-ENIG (Electroless Nickel Immersion Gold) kuletha inani lezinto ezintsha ezibalulekile zobuchwepheshe kuma-PCB anengqimba engu-2 aguquguqukayo ekusetshenzisweni kokukhanyisa kwezimoto okuphezulu.

Okokuqala, ukwelashwa kwe-ENIG kuhlinzeka ngamakhono amahle kakhulu wokuhlanganisa, ukuqinisekisa ukuxhumana okuqinile nokuthuthukisa ukuzinza nokuqina kwesifunda ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi ezifana nokushisa okuphezulu, umswakama, nokudlidliza.

Ukwengeza, ukwelashwa kwe-ENIG kunikeza indawo enhle kakhulu flatness kanye nekhwalithi.Lokhu kubalulekile ekuhlanganisweni okuphezulu kokuminyana kwezingxenye ezincane kumasekethe okukhanyisa izimoto ezisezingeni eliphezulu, ukuqinisekisa ukubekwa okunembayo kwengxenye kanye nekhwalithi yokushisela, nokwenza ngcono ukwethembeka nokusebenza kwamasekethe okukhanyisa izimoto ezisezingeni eliphezulu.

Ukwelashwa kwe-ENIG futhi kunikeza ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu, okubalulekile kumasekethe okukhanyisa ezimoto asezingeni eliphezulu achayeka ezimweni ezinzima zemvelo, ukwelula impilo ye-PCB ebusweni nokuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwesifunda.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwelashwa kwe-ENIG kunikeza ukumelana okuhle kakhulu kwe-oxidation, kugcina ukuzinza kwesikhathi eside kumasekhethi okukhanyisa izimoto ezisezingeni eliphezulu, futhi kuthuthukisa ukuthembeka nokuhlala isikhathi eside ngaphansi kwezidingo ezinzima.

Ukubekezelelwa okungu-±0.1MM kwe-PCB enezingqimba ezi-2 kuletha izinto ezintsha ezimbalwa ezibalulekile zobuchwepheshe

Idizayini ehlangene kanye nokufakwa okunembayo: ukubekezelela okungu-±0.1MM kusho ukuthi ama-PCB angaklanywa ahlangane kakhudlwana kuyilapho egcina ukulawula okunembayo.Lokhu kwenza imiklamo yesibani sezimoto ibe yinhle kakhulu futhi iminyene, ibe nemiphumela engcono yokugxila ekukhanyeni nasekuhlakazeni, futhi kuthuthukisa ukwethembeka nokusebenza kohlelo lonke.

Ukukhethwa Kwezinto Ezibalulekile Nokuphathwa Okushisayo: Ukubekezelela okujwayelekile okungu-±0.1MM kuvumela ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezihlukahlukene emiklamo yokukhanya kwezimoto ephezulu ukuze kuphathwe kangcono ukushisa okushisayo ngaphansi kwezimo ezishisayo, ukudlidliza kanye nezimo zomswakama.

Idizayini Edidiyelwe Sekukonke: Ukubekezelela okungu-±0.1MM kuvumela idizayini edidiyelwe iyonke, ehlanganisa imisebenzi eminingi nezingxenye ku-PCB ehlangene, okugqamisa ukukhanya nokusebenza kohlelo lonke nokwethembeka.

Inhlanganisela yezinto ezibonakalayo ze-PI (i-polyimide), ithusi, i-adhesive ne-aluminium ku-PCB enezingqimba ezi-2 kuletha eziningi

emisha yezobuchwepheshe ezibani zezimoto ezisezingeni eliphezulu

Ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu: Impahla ye-PI ihlinzeka ngokuzinza okuphezulu kakhulu kwezinga lokushisa nokushisa, ihlangabezana nezidingo zokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kwezibani zemoto eziphezulu.Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi i-PCB ohlelweni lokukhanyisa imoto isebenza ngokuzinza nangokuthembekile ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa eziphezulu.

Izakhiwo zikagesi: Ithusi lisebenza njengesikhondatha sikagesi esihle futhi lifanele ukwenza amasekhethi namajoyinti e-solder kuma-PCB.Thuthukisa ukusebenza kukagesi kanye nokusebenza kokushisa kokushisa kwezibani zemoto ezisezingeni eliphezulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwesifunda okuzinzile nokuthembekile.

Amandla Esakhiwo Nokuguquguquka: Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto eziguquguqukayo ze-PI kanye nokunamathela kuvumela i-PCB ukuthi ivumelane nezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokukhanya kwemoto nezikhala zokufaka, okuvumela ukuklama okuguquguqukayo nokunciphisa isisindo sonke ngenkathi kuthuthukiswa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla nokuphepha.

Ukuphathwa Okushisayo: I-Aluminium inezinto ezinhle kakhulu zokudlulisa ukushisa futhi ingasetshenziselwa ukuqeda ukushisa okusebenzayo ezinhlelweni zokukhanyisa zezimoto.Ukwengezwa kwe-aluminium ku-PCB kuthuthukisa ukuphathwa okushisayo kwezibani, kugcina amazinga okushisa ephansi phakathi nezikhathi ezinde zokusebenza komthwalo omkhulu.

2 Layer Flexible PCB Prototyping kanye neProcee Yokukhiqiza Yokukhanyisa Kwezimoto

Isifinyezo

Izicelo ezintsha zobuchwepheshe be-PCB obunongqimba obu-2 obuguquguqukayo emkhakheni wezibani zezimoto ezisezingeni eliphezulu zihlanganisa ububanzi bomugqa, isikhala somugqa, ukujiya kwamapuleti, indawo encane yokuvula indawo, ukwelashwa kwendawo, ukulawula usayizi kanye nenhlanganisela yezinto.Lobu buchwepheshe obusha buthuthukisa ukuguquguquka, ukubukeka kwepulasitiki, ukuzinza kokusebenza kanye nemiphumela yokukhanya kwezibani zezimoto, ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezikhethekile zezinhlelo zokukhanyisa izimoto mayelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, ukudlidliza, nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu, futhi kuletha izinzuzo ezinkulu ekuthuthukisweni kwezimoto.Amasu amasha emikhiqizweni yezimboni neyezimoto.amandla okushayela abalulekile.