2-Layer Flexible PCB – FPC Design and Prototyping

Isingeniso

Amabhodi esekethe aphrintiwe e-Flexible (FPCs) aguqula imboni yezogesi, enikeza ukuguquguquka okungenakuqhathaniswa namathuba okuklama. Njengoba isidingo semishini kagesi ehlangene futhi engasindi kakhudlwana siqhubeka sikhula, ama-FPC adlala indima ebalulekile ekunikezeni amandla izixazululo zokuklama ezintsha nezivumelana nezimo. Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-FPC, ama-PCB anengqimba engu-2 aguquguqukayo agqama ngokuguquguquka kwawo kanye nokusebenza kwawo ezinhlobonhlobo zezimboni. Kulo mhlahlandlela obanzi, sizohlola inqubo yokuklama kanye ne-prototyping yama-PCB anezingqimba ezi-2 eziguquguqukayo, sigxile ekusetshenzisweni kwawo, izinto zokwakha, ukucaciswa, kanye nokuqedwa kwendawo.

Uhlobo Lomkhiqizo:I-2-Layer Flexible PCB

I-PCB enezingqimba ezi-2, eyaziwa nangokuthi isifunda esiguquguqukayo esinezinhlangothi ezimbili, iyibhodi lesifunda eliphrintiwe eliguquguqukayo elihlanganisa izendlalelo ezimbili ze-conductive ezihlukaniswe ungqimba lwe-dielectric oluguquguqukayo. Lokhu kulungiselelwa kunikeza abaklami ukuguquguquka kokulandela umkhondo kuzo zombili izinhlangothi ze-substrate, okuvumela ukuba yinkimbinkimbi kwedizayini nokusebenza. Ikhono lokukhweza izingxenye nhlangothi zombili zebhodi lenza ama-PCB anezingqimba ezi-2 alungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukuminyana okuphezulu kwengxenye kanye nemikhawulo yesikhala.

Izinhlelo zokusebenza

Ukuguquguquka kwama-PCB anezingqimba ezi-2 kuwenza afanelekele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene. Esinye sezinhlelo zokusebenza ezivelele ze-PCB enezingqimba ezi-2 sisemkhakheni wezogesi zezimoto. Embonini yezimoto, ukonga isikhala nokonga isisindo yizici ezibalulekile, futhi ama-PCB anezingqimba ezi-2 anikeza ukuguquguquka ukuze ahlangabezane nalezi zidingo. Asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokulawula izimoto, izinzwa, ukukhanyisa, amasistimu we-infotainment, nokunye. Imboni yezimoto incike ekuqineni nasekuthembekeni kwe-PCB enezingqimba ezi-2 ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okungaguquguquki ezindaweni eziyinselele.

Ngaphezu kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zezimoto, ama-PCB anezingqimba ezi-2 asetshenziswa kakhulu kuma-electronics abathengi, izinto zezokwelapha, i-aerospace kanye nemishini yezimboni. Ikhono labo lokuzivumelanisa nezimo ezingajwayelekile, ukunciphisa isisindo kanye nokwandisa ukwethembeka kubenza babaluleke kakhulu emikhiqizweni ehlukahlukene ye-elekthronikhi.

Izinto zokwakha

I-2-Layer Flexible PCB Ukukhetha into ebalulekile ekunqumeni ukusebenza kwebhodi, ukwethembeka, kanye nokwenziwa. Izinto eziyinhloko ezisetshenziselwa ukwakha i-PCB enezingqimba ezi-2 zifaka ifilimu ye-polyimide (PI), ithusi, nezinamatheliso. I-Polyimide iyingxenye ye-substrate ekhethwayo ngenxa yokuqina kwayo okuhle kakhulu kokushisa, ukuguquguquka kanye nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu. I-foil ye-Copper isetshenziswa njengento eqhubayo, ene-conductivity enhle kakhulu kanye ne-solderability. Izinto zokunamathisela zisetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa izendlalelo ze-PCB, kuqinisekiswe ukuzinza kwemishini nokugcina ubuqotho besekethe.

Ububanzi bomugqa, isikhala somugqa nokuqina kwebhodi

Lapho uklama i-PCB enezingqimba ezi-2, ububanzi bomugqa, isikhala somugqa kanye nogqinsi lwebhodi kuyimingcele eyinhloko, ethinta ngokuqondile ukusebenza nokwenziwa kwebhodi. Ububanzi bomugqa obujwayelekile nesikhala somugqa wama-PCB anezendlalelo ezi-2 eziguquguqukayo bucaciswe njengo-0.2mm/0.2mm, okubonisa ububanzi obuncane bokulandela umkhondo kanye nesikhala phakathi kwakho. Lezi zilinganiso zibalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubuqotho besignali obufanele, ukulawulwa kwe-impedance, kanye ne-solder ethembekile ngesikhathi sokuhlanganisa. Ukwengeza, ubukhulu bebhodi obungu-0.2mm +/- 0.03mm budlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni ukuguquguquka, irediyasi egobayo kanye nezakhiwo zomshini eziphelele ze-PCB enezingqimba ezi-2.

Ubuncane Bezimbobo kanye Nokwelashwa Okungaphezulu

Ukuthola osayizi bembobo abanembile nabahambisanayo kubalulekile ekwakhiweni kwe-PCB enezingqimba ezi-2, ikakhulukazi uma kubhekwa inkambiso encane yezinto zikagesi. Ubuncane obucacisiwe bosayizi wembobo ongu-0.1 mm bubonisa ikhono lama-PCB anezendlalelo ezi-2 eziguquguqukayo ukuze afake izingxenye ezincane nezigcwele phama. Ukwengeza, ukwelashwa okungaphezulu kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kukagesi kanye nokuthengiswa kwama-PCB. I-Electroless Nickel Immersion Gold (ENIG) enogqinsi lwe-2-3uin iyisinqumo esivamile sama-PCB anezingqimba ezi-2 futhi inikeza ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu, ukucaba, kanye nokuthengiswa. Ukwelashwa kwangaphezulu kwe-ENIG kunenzuzo ikakhulukazi ekunikezeni amandla izingxenye ze-pitch-pitch kanye nokuqinisekisa amalunga athembekile e-solder.

Impedance kanye nokubekezelelana

Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zedijithali ezinesivinini esikhulu ne-analog, ukulawulwa kwe-impedance kubalulekile ekugcineni ubuqotho besignali nokunciphisa ukuhlanekezela kwesignali. Yize kungekho manani athize we-impedance anikeziwe, amandla okulawula i-impedance ye-2-layer flex PCB ibalulekile ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokusebenza zamasekethe kagesi. Ukwengeza, ukubekezelelana kucaciswe ngokuthi ±0.1mm, okusho ukuchezuka kwe-dimensional okuvumelekile phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza. Ukulawula ukubekezelelana okuqinile kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukunemba nokungaguquguquki emkhiqizweni wokugcina, ikakhulukazi uma usebenzisana nezici ezincane kanye nemiklamo eyinkimbinkimbi.

2 Ungqimba oluvumelana nenqubo ye-PCB Prototyping

I-Prototyping iyisiteji esibalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwe-PCB enezingqimba ezi-2, okuvumela abaklami ukuthi baqinisekise ukwakheka, ukusebenza, nokusebenza ngaphambi kokudlulela ekukhiqizeni okugcwele. Inqubo ye-prototyping ibandakanya izinyathelo ezibalulekile ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa ukuqinisekiswa kwedizayini, ukukhethwa kwempahla, ukukhiqiza, nokuhlola. Ukuqinisekiswa kwedizayini kuqinisekisa ukuthi ibhodi lihlangabezana nezidingo ezicacisiwe nokusebenza, kuyilapho ukukhethwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kuhlanganisa ukukhetha i-substrate efanele, izinto zokuqhuba kanye nokuphathwa kwendawo okusekelwe ekusetshenzisweni nasekusetshenzisweni kwemibandela.

Ukwenziwa kwezibonelo ze-PCB ezinezingqimba ezi-2 eziguquguqukayo kuhilela ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezikhethekile nezinqubo ukuze kwakhiwe i-substrate eguquguqukayo, ukusebenzisa amaphethini okuqhuba, kanye nokuhlanganisa izingxenye. Izindlela zokukhiqiza ezithuthukisiwe ezifana nokubhola nge-laser, i-plating ekhethiwe kanye ne-impedance routing elawulwayo isetshenziselwa ukufeza ukusebenza okudingekayo nezimfanelo zokusebenza. Lapho i-prototype isikhiqiziwe, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa okuqinile kanye nenqubo yokuqinisekisa ukuze kuhlolwe ukusebenza kukagesi, ukuguquguquka kwemishini kanye nokwethembeka ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukahlukene zemvelo. Impendulo evela esigabeni sokufanisela isiza ukwenziwa ngcono kwedizayini kanye nentuthuko, ekugcineni okuholela ekwakhiweni okuqinile nokwethenjelwa kwe-PCB enezendlalelo ezi-2 eziguquguqukayo elungele ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi.

2 Layer Flexible PCB – FPC Design and Prototyping Process

Isiphetho

Kafushane, ama-PCB anezingqimba ezi-2 amelela izixazululo ezisezingeni eliphezulu zedizayini yesimanje kagesi, enikeza ukuguquguquka okungenakuqhathaniswa, ukwethembeka kanye nokusebenza. Ububanzi bayo bezinhlelo zokusebenza, izinto ezithuthukisiwe, ukucaciswa okunembayo nezinqubo ze-prototyping kuyenza ibe yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu embonini yezogesi. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka nokuvela, ama-PCB anezingqimba ezi-2 ngokungangabazeki azodlala indima ebalulekile ekuvumeleni imikhiqizo emisha ye-elekthronikhi ehlangabezana nezidingo zomhlaba wanamuhla oxhumene. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuzimoto, izinto zikagesi zabathengi, izinto zezokwelapha noma i-aerospace, idizayini kanye ne-prototyping yama-PCB anengqimba engu-2 aguquguqukayo kubalulekile ekuqhubekiseni igagasi elilandelayo lokuqanjwa kabusha kwe-electronics.